{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T04:01:27Z","timestamp":1784520087456,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hookworms are zoonotic helminths that cause intestinal diseases in pets and humans, as well as cutaneous larva migrans in the latter; therefore, they are of importance to animal and public health. Stray and domestic dogs play a significant role in the transmission of hookworm disease. This study examines the prevalence of Ancylostoma spp. infections in dogs in Ecuador through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Although based exclusively on canine data, the findings are discussed in the context of available evidence on zoonotic transmission and potential One Health implications. A total of 370 records were screened, of which 9 studies published between 2010 and 2025 met the PRISMA 2020 inclusion criteria. Using a random-effects model with Freeman\u2013Tukey double arcsine transformation, the pooled prevalence was estimated at 32% (95% CI: 17\u201349%), with substantial heterogeneity across studies (I2 = 98.3%). Regional analysis revealed significantly higher prevalence in the Insular region (50%) and the Coastal region (43%), compared to the Sierra (Andean region) (12%). These findings indicate marked spatial variability in canine Ancylostoma infections across Ecuador, likely reflecting underlying environmental, epidemiological, and methodological differences. While this study does not directly assess human or environmental data, the observed patterns are consistent with epidemiological conditions that may favor zoonotic transmission. Overall, this study highlights the need for integrated approaches consistent with a One Health perspective, including improved surveillance, veterinary interventions, and further research incorporating human and environmental components to better understand the epidemiology and potential zoonotic implications of hookworm infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16142230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T02:32:08Z","timestamp":1784514728000},"page":"2230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High Prevalence and Regional Heterogeneity of Canine Ancylostoma spp. in Ecuador: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis and Its Potential One Health Implications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4587-8795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rommel Lenin","family":"Vinueza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Quito 170901, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3886-6605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateo","family":"Mantilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Quito 170901, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3725-0727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Mi\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Quito 170901, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Entomology & Tropical Medicine (LEMMT), Colegio de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas y Ambientales (COCIBA), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Quito 170901, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5152-2843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto D.","family":"Coello-Peralta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad de Guayaquil, Guayaquil 090514, Ecuador"},{"name":"Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, Miguel Lillo Foundation, San Miguel de Tucum\u00e1n T4000JFE, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e72","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00181-6","article-title":"Global distribution of human hookworm species and differences in their morbidity effects: A systematic review","volume":"3","author":"Clements","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"e943931","article-title":"Ecoepidemiology of Ancylostoma spp. in urban-marginal and rural sectors of the Ecuadorian Coast and prevalence of cutaneous larvae migrans","volume":"30","author":"Coello","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med. 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