{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T05:17:29Z","timestamp":1787807849353,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Projects of Scientific Research Plan of Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province","award":["2025AHGXZK30137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025AHGXZK30137"]}]},{"name":"Projects of Scientific Research Plan of Colleges and Universities of Anhui Province","award":["2025AHGXZK40608"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025AHGXZK40608"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32502872"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32502872"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32502872"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32502872"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Department of Education Science and Technology Innovation Team Project","award":["2025AHGXZK10025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025AHGXZK10025"]}]},{"award":["2025AHGXZK10025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025AHGXZK10025"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/012m7k033","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Innovative research team in university of Anhui Educational Committee","award":["2022AH010079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022AH010079"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012404","name":"Fuyang Normal University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BSDZX2025002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BSDZX2025002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012404","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012404","name":"Fuyang Normal University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024KYQD0149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024KYQD0149"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012404","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["BSDZX2025002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BSDZX2025002"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02njz9p87","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["2024KYQD0149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024KYQD0149"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02njz9p87","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Follicular atresia constitutes a major constraint on sow reproductive performance. Aberrant miRNA expression is well documented to promote follicular atresia. However, precise identification of the functional miRNAs responsible for this process remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we integrated multiple transcriptome datasets and identified miR-149, a miRNA located within the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with litter size in sow. Notably, miR-149 was highly expressed in atretic follicles and ovaries of sow with low litter size. Subsequent in vitro culture of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) combined with miR-149 overexpression assays revealed that miR-149 significantly promotes the expression of cleaved caspase 3 (c-caspase 3), a marker of apoptosis in ovarian GCs. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-149 functions as small activating RNA (saRNA) to activate the transcription of Caspase 8. This triggers the death receptor-mediated apoptotic, upregulates the expression of Caspase 3, and ultimately accelerates apoptosis in ovarian GCs. Collectively, these results indicate that miR-149 acts as negative regulator of sow reproduction. This study elucidates the miR-149\/Caspase 8\/Caspase 3 signaling axis as a novel pathway governing sow fertility, which provides molecular targets for improving reproductive performance in sow.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16172663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T09:04:30Z","timestamp":1787648670000},"page":"2663","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["miR-149 Promotes Apoptosis of Ovarian Granulosa Cells Through Inducing Caspase 8 Expression"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenxu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yajie","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tengteng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproductive Regulation, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.144879","article-title":"Estrogen receptor \u03b2 mediates the feedback loop between 17\u03b2-Estradiol and CYP19A1, which controls transcriptomic stability, inhibits granulosa cell apoptosis, induces oocyte maturation and influences sow fertility","volume":"317","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, X., Pan, Y., Liang, S., Lei, Y., Wang, Y., Chen, L., Zhao, Y., Gan, M., Shen, L., and Yang, X. (2025). miR-26a-targeting SLC7A11 regulates erastin-induced granulosa cell ferroptosis. Antioxidants, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14111283"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02871","article-title":"The functions of animal microRNAs","volume":"431","author":"Ambros","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, S., Li, Y., Zeng, Q., Yang, L., Du, X., and Li, Q. (2022). A Mutation in Endogenous saRNA miR-23a Influences Granulosa Cells Response to Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11061174"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-025-03308-y","article-title":"miRNA let-7f-5p-encapsulated labial gland MSC-derived EVs ameliorate experimental Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome by suppressing Th17 cells via targeting RORC\/IL-17A signaling axis","volume":"23","author":"Xie","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmz039","article-title":"The role of microRNAs in ovarian function and the transition toward novel therapeutic strategies in fertility preservation: From bench to future clinical application","volume":"26","author":"Alexandri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Updat."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23408","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-07537-x","article-title":"The interrelationships between the microRNA miR-34a and the plant flavonoids apigenin and quercetin in the regulation of ovarian cell functions","volume":"15","author":"Sirotkin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, M., Wang, Y., Yang, L., Du, X., and Li, Q. (2023). Nuclear lncRNA NORSF reduces E2 release in granulosa cells by sponging the endogenous small activating RNA miR-339. BMC Biol., 21.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-023-01731-x"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2025.101469","article-title":"Sustained release of miR-21 carried by mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes from GelMA microspheres inhibits ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis in premature ovarian insufficiency","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, M., Zhang, J., Gao, X., Yao, W., Li, Q., and Pan, Z. (2020). miR-361-5p mediates SMAD4 to promote porcine granulosa cell apoptosis through VEGFA. Biomolecules, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10091281"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhong, Y., Li, L., Chen, Z., Diao, S., He, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhang, H., Yuan, X., and Li, J. (2020). MIR143 inhibits steroidogenesis and induces apoptosis repressed by H3K27me3 in granulosa cells. Front. Cell Dev. Biol., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.565261"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2018.01.009","article-title":"miR-1275 controls granulosa cell apoptosis and estradiol synthesis by impairing LRH-1\/CYP19A1 axis","volume":"1861","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochim. Et. Biophys. Acta BBA-Gene Regul. Mech."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10823","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-012-1976-2","article-title":"Expression profiles of key candidate genes involved in steroidogenesis during follicular atresia in the pig ovary","volume":"39","author":"Pan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-07286-1","article-title":"miR-184, a downregulated ovary-elevated miRNA transcriptionally activated by SREBF2, exerts anti-apoptotic properties in ovarian granulosa cells through inducing SMAD3 expression","volume":"15","author":"Shan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, G., Hu, Y., Yu, D., Chen, X., Li, X., Duan, S., Zhang, N., Xu, G., Hu, J., and Yang, G. (2022). Discovery of differentially expressed microRNAs in porcine ovaries with smaller and larger litter size. Front. Genet., 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.762124"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3715","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23560-8","article-title":"A pig BodyMap transcriptome reveals diverse tissue physiologies and evolutionary dynamics of transcription","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, F., Li, R., Pan, Z.X., Zhou, B., Yu, D.B., Wang, X.G., Ma, X.S., Han, J., Shen, M., and Liu, H.L. (2012). miR-26b promotes granulosa cell apoptosis by targeting ATM during follicular atresia in porcine ovary. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038640"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1038\/s10038-020-0819-6","article-title":"Identification of epigenetic interactions between microRNA and DNA methylation associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"66","author":"Mao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1111\/jbg.12435","article-title":"Detection and analysis of genome-wide copy number variation in the pig genome using an 80 K SNP Beadchip","volume":"137","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Anim. Breed. Genet."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-021-00644-4","article-title":"miR-2337 induces TGF-\u03b21 production in granulosa cells by acting as an endogenous small activating RNA","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1080\/01926230701320337","article-title":"Apoptosis: A review of programmed cell death","volume":"35","author":"Elmore","year":"2007","journal-title":"Toxicol. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, S., Wang, Y., Chen, Y., Li, Y., Du, X., Li, Y., and Li, Q. (2023). meis1 is a common transcription repressor of the miR-23a and NORHA axis in granulosa cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043589"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4238","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30872","article-title":"Lnc2300 is a cis-acting long noncoding RNA of CYP11A1 in ovarian granulosa cells","volume":"237","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.12.657","article-title":"Cross-talk between IFN-\u03b3 and TWEAK through miR-149 amplifies skin inflammation in psoriasis","volume":"147","author":"Srivastava","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"E21","article-title":"Resveratrol mediates the miR-149\/HMGB1 axis and regulates the ferroptosis pathway to protect myocardium in endotoxemia mice","volume":"323","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-026-01646-x","article-title":"A ESRP1\/circPHGDH\/miR-149\/RAP1B positive feedback loop promotes the malignant behaviors and glycolysis of prostate cancer cell","volume":"58","author":"Wang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Wei, Y., Dou, Y., Li, C., Song, C., Zhang, Z., Qi, K., Li, X., Qiao, R., and Wang, K. (2023). Effect of miR-149-5p on intramuscular fat deposition in pigs based on metabolomics and transcriptomics. BMC Genom., 24.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-023-09382-6"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, B., Yan, Z., Gao, Y., Li, J., Wang, Z., Wang, P., Yang, Q., Huang, X., and Gun, S. (2022). Integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in testes of Landrace and Hezuo boars. Front. Veter-Sci., 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.942669"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2024.104551","article-title":"Age-related calcium signaling disturbance restricted cAMP metabolism and induced ovarian oxidation stress in laying ducks","volume":"104","author":"Jin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poult. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dev199453","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.199453","article-title":"FOXO1 mediates hypoxia-induced G0\/G1 arrest in ovarian somatic granulosa cells by activating the TP53INP1-p53-CDKN1A pathway","volume":"148","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-026-10273-1","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms and multi-organ regulatory roles of anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone in female reproduction","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2018.11.025","article-title":"C-type natriuretic peptide regulates sperm capacitation by the cGMP\/PKG signalling pathway via Ca(2+) influx and tyrosine phosphorylation","volume":"38","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Biomed. Online"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.10.001","article-title":"Understanding tissue-specific gene regulation","volume":"21","author":"Sonawane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-20-1406","article-title":"Systematic analysis of intronic miRNAs reveals cooperativity within the multicomponent FTX locus to promote colon cancer development","volume":"81","author":"Kwok","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2010.11.027","article-title":"Coexpression of an intronic microRNA and its host gene reveals a potential role for miR-483-5p as an IGF2 partner","volume":"333","author":"Ma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2019.110693","article-title":"Decreased expression of GPC1 in human skin keratinocytes and epidermis during ageing","volume":"126","author":"Perrot","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, F., Chen, S., Shi, W., Su, X., Wu, H., and Liu, M. (2022). GPC1 promotes the growth and migration of colorectal cancer cells through regulating the TGF-\u03b21\/SMAD2 signaling pathway. PLoS ONE, 17.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0269094"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI32412","article-title":"Glypican-1 modulates the angiogenic and metastatic potential of human and mouse cancer cells","volume":"118","author":"Aikawa","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"1169","article-title":"Autoregulation of glypican-1 by intronic microRNA-149 fine-tunes the angiogenic response FGF2 in human endothelial cells","volume":"127","author":"Araldi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-024-01043-2","article-title":"UCHL1 promotes the proliferation of porcine granulosa cells by stabilizing CCNB1","volume":"15","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dompe, C., Kulus, M., Stefa\u0144ska, K., Kranc, W., Chermu\u0142a, B., Bryl, R., Pie\u0144kowski, W., Nawrocki, M.J., Petitte, J.N., and Stelmach, B. (2021). Human Granulosa Cells\u2014Stemness Properties, Molecular Cross-Talk and Follicular Angiogenesis. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10061396"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rabaa, A., Alkuriji, A., Kabbi, A., Almalki, S., Almasawi, Z., Daghestani, M., Hakami, H., and Alzahrani, J. (2025). Potential association of certain microRNA gene polymorphisms with recurrent pregnancy loss susceptibility in Saudi women. PLoS ONE, 20.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0336432"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2016.04.009","article-title":"Association of miR-146aC>G, miR-149C>T, miR-196a2T>C, and miR-499A>G polymorphisms with risk of recurrent implantation failure in Korean women","volume":"202","author":"Cho","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2023.11878","article-title":"Association of microRNA gene polymorphisms with recurrent spontaneous abortion: An updated meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12005","article-title":"Association of the miR-146aC>G, miR-149T>C, miR-196a2T>C, and miR-499A>G polymorphisms with risk of spontaneously aborted fetuses","volume":"68","author":"Jeon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-019-01573-z","article-title":"Association between miR-146a C > G, miR-149 T > C, miR-196a2 T > C, and miR-499 A > G polymorphisms and susceptibility to idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"36","author":"Alipour","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Assist. Reprod. Genet."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhardwaj, C., Rohilla, M., Chopra, S., Kaur, A., Panigrahi, I., and Srivastava, P. (2025). EV-microRNA signatures in pregnant women with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss: Deciphering microRNAome pathway networks at feto-maternal interface. Front. Immunol., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1578738"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2534","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14488","article-title":"Inhibition of microRNA-149 protects against recurrent miscarriage through upregulating RUNX2 and activation of the PTEN\/Akt signaling pathway","volume":"46","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Res."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.03.006","article-title":"Metazoan MicroRNAs","volume":"173","author":"Bartel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, K., Chen, B., Hou, J., Li, Y., Ning, L., Li, S., Li, Y., Li, A., Shubhra, Q.T.H., and Zhang, H. (2026). miR-205a mediated suppression of CDH11 disrupts Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling and impairs chondrocyte differentiation. Cell Death Discov., 12.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-026-03146-3"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117861","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2026.117861","article-title":"miR-454-3p drives development of hepatic steatosis by negatively regulating JARID2","volume":"248","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70217","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.70217","article-title":"mir -221 mediates the regulation of phospholamban expression and cardiac contractility by ZBTB20","volume":"242","author":"Ren","year":"2026","journal-title":"Acta Physiol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17337","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0607015103","article-title":"Small dsRNAs induce transcriptional activation in human cells","volume":"103","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0707594105","article-title":"MicroRNA-373 induces expression of genes with complementary promoter sequences","volume":"105","author":"Place","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14010480","article-title":"Recent insights and novel bioinformatics tools to understand the role of microRNAs binding to 5\u2032 untranslated region","volume":"14","author":"Masotti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0266-3","article-title":"Novel upregulation of amyloid-\u03b2 precursor protein (APP) by microRNA-346 via targeting of APP mRNA 5\u2032-untranslated region: Implications in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"24","author":"Long","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1112263109","article-title":"Stabilization of hepatitis C virus RNA by an Ago2-miR-122 complex","volume":"109","author":"Shimakami","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/75007","article-title":"Caspase 8 is deleted or silenced preferentially in childhood neuroblastomas with amplification of MYCN","volume":"6","author":"Teitz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1766849173","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2528118123","article-title":"Caspase-3 cleaves and activates the NADase SARM1 to promote apoptosis, linking two cell death mechanisms","volume":"123","author":"Shi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2404747","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202404747","article-title":"A Mutation Losing an RBP-Binding Site in the LncRNA NORSF Transcript Influences Granulosa Cell Apoptosis and Sow Fertility","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.68028","article-title":"Mir-484 contributes to diminished ovarian reserve by regulating granulosa cell function via YAP1-mediated mitochondrial function and apoptosis","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-024-01189-8","article-title":"miR-6881-3p contributes to diminished ovarian reserve by regulating granulosa cell apoptosis by targeting SMAD4","volume":"22","author":"Ju","year":"2024","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s249961","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.249961","article-title":"SMARCA2 is regulated by NORFA-miR-29c, a novel pathway that controls granulosa cell apoptosis and is related to female fertility","volume":"133","author":"Du","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."}],"container-title":["Animals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/16\/17\/2663\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T04:21:11Z","timestamp":1787804471000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2615\/16\/17\/2663"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"17","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["ani16172663"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ani16172663","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-2615"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-2615","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]}}}