{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T05:05:00Z","timestamp":1789275900737,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science, Technology and Innovation Funding Authority","award":["27892"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["27892"]}]},{"award":["27892"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["27892"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/044vr6g03","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Youth Project","award":["2025QN03157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025QN03157"]}]},{"name":"Bayannur Science and Technology Key Breakthrough Project","award":["NMKJXM202404-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMKJXM202404-1"]}]},{"name":"Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Open Competition Projects","award":["2022JBGS0024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JBGS0024"]}]},{"name":"Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Plan","award":["2023YFHH0114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFHH0114"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010203","name":"Agriculture Research System of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Cars38"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Cars38"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010203","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Department of Education First-Class Scientific Research Project","award":["YLXKZX-ND-026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YLXKZX-ND-026"]}]},{"name":"Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Department of Education First-Class Scientific Research Project","award":["YLXKZX-ND-029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YLXKZX-ND-029"]}]},{"award":["YLXKZX-ND-026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YLXKZX-ND-026"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y40gm27","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["YLXKZX-ND-029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YLXKZX-ND-029"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y40gm27","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Modern Meat Sheep Industry Technology System\u2014\u201814th Five-Year Plan\u2019 System Scientist","award":["30500-5222301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30500-5222301"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study evaluated a rumen-derived Streptococcus macedonicus isolate in Barki lambs using in vitro and in vivo approaches. The isolate was characterized for antibacterial activity and antimicrobial susceptibility. In vitro, a control diet was incubated for 24 h with 0, 0.002, 0.004, 0.008, or 0.016 g of S. macedonicus, and fermentation and digestibility were determined. In vivo, 40 Barki lambs were assigned to four dietary treatments for 210 d: control, control plus 1 g\/d commercial probiotic, or control plus 1 or 2 g\/d S. macedonicus. Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality were evaluated. The isolate showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus cereus. In vitro, S. macedonicus increased dry matter digestibility (52.9% to 56.7%; p = 0.042) and total gas production (p &lt; 0.0001). In vivo, dry matter digestibility increased from 66.3% to 75.2% (p = 0.002). Supplemented lambs had greater final body weight, average daily gain, and an improved feed conversion ratio (p &lt; 0.001). Supplementation also improved carcass yield, dressing percentage, longissimus muscle area, lean proportion, water-holding capacity, and meat redness while reducing carcass fat percentage. Overall, rumen-derived S. macedonicus improved nutrient utilization, growth performance, and carcass and meat quality traits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16182865","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:29:29Z","timestamp":1789133369000},"page":"2865","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dietary Supplementation with Rumen-Derived Streptococcus macedonicus Improves Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Barki Lambs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Mahmoud M.","family":"Shaaban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo 13759, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2315-4497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5088-2783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Sherbiny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1588-2638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed M. Abd El","family":"Tawab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4688-4580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mostafa S. A.","family":"Khattab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8793-9659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Radwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Fatma I.","family":"Hadhoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dairy Science, National Research Centre, 33 Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yongbin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2018.04.010","article-title":"Use of probiotics and botanical extracts to improve ruminant production in the tropics: A review","volume":"4","author":"Arowolo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anim. 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