{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T12:10:13Z","timestamp":1789992613342,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This retrospective two-center study describes clinical and radiographic outcomes in dogs weighing up to 10 kg undergoing surgical stabilization of radius\u2013ulna fractures using either the Vitcone\u00ae locking system (Group A) or the Veterinary Instrumentation (Vi\u00ae) locking system (Group B) between January of 2021 and December of 2025. Fractures were stabilized with open reduction and internal fixation using a cranio-medial or cranio-lateral approach. Ninety-three dogs met the inclusion criteria (59 in Group A, 34 in Group B). In Group A, the cranio-lateral approach was used in 57% of cases and the cranio-medial approach in 43%, whereas Group B relied exclusively on the cranio-medial approach. At the 12-week recheck, radiographic healing was assessed by two independent observers using a Visual Assessment Scale (VAS), with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) &gt; 0.75 in both groups. Implant removal was performed following the surgeon\u2019s assessment in 68% of dogs in Group A and 36% in Group B. Major complications occurred in 8.4% of dogs in Group A, with one implant breakage and four refractures following implant removal, and three refractures occurred in Group B. Long-term owner follow-up, when available, indicated satisfactory limb use in daily activities. This study provides clinically useful observational data on the application of Vitcone\u00ae and Vi\u00ae locking systems for stabilizing radius\u2013ulna fractures in small-breed dogs, suggesting their role as viable options in routine surgical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16182928","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:05:53Z","timestamp":1789988753000},"page":"2928","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Internal Fixation Using Vitcone\u00ae Locking-Plate System for Fractures of Radius and Ulna in Toy- and Small-Breed Dogs: A Retrospective Two-Center Clinical Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Urizzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinca Veterinaria Urizzi, 30028 San Michele al Tagliamento, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8852-9340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umberto","family":"Maggiolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Paolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Collivignarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science and Health Profession, Link University, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6198-163X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Tamburro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.23-0520","article-title":"Elucidation of the Radius and Ulna Fracture Mechanisms in Toy Poodle Dogs Using Finite Element Analysis","volume":"86","author":"Anggoro","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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