{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T12:12:22Z","timestamp":1789992742149,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014Brazil","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00x0ma614","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Patellar luxation is a common orthopedic condition in cats, and evaluation of trochlear groove depth is important to determine the need for trochleoplasty during surgical planning. This study compared radiography, ultrasonography, and computed tomography with ex vivo measurements, considered the reference method, for the assessment of trochlear groove depth in cats. Twenty-seven stifle joints from 15 healthy adult cats were evaluated. Trochlear groove depth was measured using skyline radiographic projections, ultrasonography with the stifle positioned at 45\u00b0 and 90\u00b0 of flexion, computed tomography, and ex vivo evaluation with the stifle flexed at 45\u00b0 and 90\u00b0. Measurements obtained by radiography and ultrasonography with the stifle positioned at 90\u00b0 did not show significant differences compared with the respective ex vivo measurements at 90\u00b0, whereas ultrasonography performed at 45\u00b0 and computed tomography differed. The results obtained by radiography and ultrasonography at 90\u00b0 suggest that these techniques provide reliable estimates of trochlear groove depth in healthy cats. These findings support the use of radiography and ultrasonography as reliable imaging methods for preoperative evaluation and surgical planning in cats with patellar luxation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16182968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:05:53Z","timestamp":1789988753000},"page":"2968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of Ultrasonographic, Radiographic, Computed Tomographic, and Ex Vivo Measurements of Feline Femoral Trochlear Groove Depth"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9628-2757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guilherme Pfeiffer da","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gon\u00e7alves, Agronomia, Porto Alegre 91540-000, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1121-0981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael Kretzer","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Veterinary, Center for Agroveterinary Sciences (CAV), Medicine, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5090-6495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Paula Luchi da Silva","family":"Mattos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Veterinary, Center for Agroveterinary Sciences (CAV), Medicine, Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Lages 88520-000, SC, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6192-6726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio Trindade Dutra de Almeida","family":"Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gon\u00e7alves, Agronomia, Porto Alegre 91540-000, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3603-7916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana de Mattos","family":"Brose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gon\u00e7alves, Agronomia, Porto Alegre 91540-000, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4081-4362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo Meller","family":"Alievi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gon\u00e7alves, Agronomia, Porto Alegre 91540-000, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4336-2485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rcio Poletto","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Av. Bento Gon\u00e7alves, Agronomia, Porto Alegre 91540-000, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-16-07-0103","article-title":"Distal femoral lateral closing wedge osteotomy as a component of comprehensive treatment of medial patellar luxation and distal femoral varus in dogs","volume":"30","author":"Bower","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet. 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