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Gill, hepatopancreas, hemolymph, and muscle of 4 groups (F, M, F-RMH, and M-RMH) were sampled after 60 days of farming and after 27 h of AHS. No significant difference in growth performance and survival rate after 60 days was identified among the groups. Habituation in the M-RMH groups was observed (as shown by behavior change) and resulted in reduced fighting and broken legs. The lowest survival rate (9.09%) after AHS was observed in M crabs, which coincided with lower values of total protein in the gill, lysozyme, peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity, and glucose in the hemolymph, and higher levels of total amino acid, lactate dehydrogenase, sodium, and cholesterol in the hemolymph. Habituation may mitigate stress and aggression, which are significant issues in crab aquaculture.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani16193143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T08:34:25Z","timestamp":1791448465000},"page":"3143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Male Green Mud Crab (Scylla paramamosain) Is More Vulnerable to Handling Stress than Female: A Comprehensive Insight into Physiological Changes and Health Status"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8704-939X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noah","family":"Esmaeili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Important Mariculture Varieties Surrounding the South China Sea Region, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Chenyang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Important Mariculture Varieties Surrounding the South China Sea Region, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Important Mariculture Varieties Surrounding the South China Sea Region, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Peixun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Important Mariculture Varieties Surrounding the South China Sea Region, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Jinsheng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Important Mariculture Varieties Surrounding the South China Sea Region, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2299-503X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongyu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Important Mariculture Varieties Surrounding the South China Sea Region, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"},{"name":"STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"FAO (2026). 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