{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T08:30:02Z","timestamp":1768897802743,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]],"date-time":"2017-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1505260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Penile injuries in boars have been discussed as a relevant welfare problem in pork production with entire males (EM). The incidence of penile injuries with immunocastrated boars has not been described so far. Thus, it was the aim of this study to systematically compare frequency and severity of penile injuries in EM and IC. Incidence and size of penile injuries (wounds, scars, hematomas) were evaluated in 192 IC and 215 EM from one farm after slaughter (120 kg live weight; four batches (BA) in at least weekly intervals over five weeks). 75.8% EM and 48.4% IC showed injuries at the pars libra of the penis. Scars were observed in 71.2% EM and 44.8% IC. Scars\/animal were significantly influenced by treatment (IC vs. EM), B and treatment x B and increased with age in EM (BA1: 2.61 \u00b1 3.05; BA4: 3.59 \u00b1 3.47), but not in IC (BA1: 2.00 \u00b1 3.02; BA4: 1.22 \u00b1 1.91). Wounds were obvious in 17.2% EM and 8.3% IC. Wounds\/animal were only influenced significantly by treatment and were lower in IC than in EM. Thus, it is concluded that immunocastration reduces the frequency and severity of penile injuries in IC when compared to EM of same age and weight.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani7090071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]],"date-time":"2017-09-13T10:17:32Z","timestamp":1505297852000},"page":"71","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Penile Injuries in Immunocastrated and Entire Male Pigs of One Fattening Farm"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Simon","family":"Reiter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Swine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Sonnenstrasse 16, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Z\u00f6ls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Swine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Sonnenstrasse 16, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Ritzmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Swine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Sonnenstrasse 16, 85764 Oberschleissheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Stefanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Science, Hohenheim University, Schloss Hohenheim 1, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Weiler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Science, Hohenheim University, Schloss Hohenheim 1, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731109004728","article-title":"Animal welfare implications of surgical castration and its alternatives in pigs","volume":"3","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/0309-1740(94)90118-X","article-title":"Physiological aspects of androstenone and skatole formation in the boar\u2014A review with experimental data","volume":"38","author":"Claus","year":"1994","journal-title":"Meat Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731113000608","article-title":"Welfare of entire male pigs is improved by socialising piglets and keeping intact groups until slaughter","volume":"7","author":"Rydhmer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applanim.2013.04.023","article-title":"Mounting behaviour in finishing pigs: Stable individual differences are not due to dominance or stage of sexual development","volume":"147","author":"Hintze","year":"2013","journal-title":"Appl. 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