{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:55:46Z","timestamp":1790510146758,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,12]],"date-time":"2019-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Modern Argo-Industry Technology Research System of China","award":["No. CARS-40-K10"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. CARS-40-K10"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sulfur amino acids are typically the first-limiting amino acids (AA) used in protein metabolism in poultry. Therefore, we hypothesized that their utilization in the pre-hatch period would affect embryonic development, IGF-I and TLR4 gene expression, antioxidant status, serum biochemical profile, and jejunum histomorphometry of newly hatched Ross broiler chicks incubated under heat stress conditions. A total of 150 fertile broiler eggs were subjected to heat stress (39.6 \u00b0C for 6 h\/d) from d10 until d18 and injected at d 17.5 of incubation with methionine and cysteine (Met-Cys) at a dose of 5.90 mg l-methionine plus 3.40 mg l-cysteine. The effects of Met-Cys administration were examined and compared with the control (Non-injected group) and 0.75% NaCl injected group. The results showed that no significant differences among all groups in serum protein profiles (total protein, albumin, globulin, and albumin\/globulin ratio) and creatine kinase were observed. The level of heat shock protein-90 was decreased with Met-Cys In ovo injection. The In ovo injection of Met-Cys also improved the values of total antioxidants capacity and glutathione in examined tissues. At the same time, an increase in fold change mRNA abundance of IGF-I and TLR4 was observed after Met-Cys injection in tested tissues. Finally, an increase of 29% in villus area was found after Met-Cys injection compared to the control group. In conclusion, the In ovo injection of Met-Cys resulted in improved embryonic development, IGF-I and TLR4 gene expression, antioxidant status and jejunum histomorphometry of newly hatched broiler chicks exposed to heat stress during incubation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9010025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,14]],"date-time":"2019-01-14T12:20:07Z","timestamp":1547468407000},"page":"25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Effects of In Ovo Methionine-Cysteine Injection on Embryonic Development, Antioxidant Status, IGF-I and TLR4 Gene Expression, and Jejunum Histomorphometry in Newly Hatched Broiler Chicks Exposed to Heat Stress during Incubation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4497-1322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamada A. M.","family":"Elwan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minya 61519, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4430-1492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaaban S.","family":"Elnesr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"},{"name":"Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-35982010000700017","article-title":"Probi\u00f3tico na ra\u00e7\u00e3o ou inoculado em ovos embrionados: Desempenho de pintos de corte desafiados com Salmonella Enteritidis","volume":"39","author":"Leandro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev. 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