{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,5]],"date-time":"2025-12-05T12:18:55Z","timestamp":1764937135012,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]],"date-time":"2019-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17-16-01109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17-16-01109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Animals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The main goal of our study was to determine a set of thawed stallion sperm characteristics that have predictive value for the pregnancy rate (PR) of mares after artificial insemination (AI). DNA fragmentation and survival of sperm during hypothermic storage were studied in addition to routinely determined semen characteristics such as concentration, percentage of motile spermatozoa, and morphology. To estimate DNA fragmentation, a modified hallo assay was applied. Sperm survival was determined within hours as the ability of spermatozoa to maintain progressive motility (PM) during the storage of ejaculate diluted with lactose-chelate-citrate-yolk (LCCY) medium at +4 \u00b0C. Strong positive correlation between PR and thawed sperm motility (r = 0.90, p &lt; 0.05) as well as between PR and sperm survival (r = 084, p &lt; 0.05) was revealed. There was also a strong negative correlation between PR and DNA damages in spermatozoa (r = \u22120.94, p &lt; 0.05). We found no dependence of PR on normal morphology spermatozoa percentage in thawed semen. We concluded that the sperm activity, survival, and DNA fragmentation should be considered as the sufficient reproductive characteristics of semen to evaluate the quality of frozen\/thawed sperm and prediction of PR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9121099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]],"date-time":"2019-12-09T05:54:51Z","timestamp":1575870891000},"page":"1099","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Reproductive Characteristics of Thawed Stallion Sperm"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Mikhail M.","family":"Atroshchenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Horse Breeding (ARRIH), Ryazan Oblast, Rybnovskij District 391105, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5205-7592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Arkhangelskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center\u2014Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC-FMBC), 46, Zhivopisnaya Str, Moscow 123098, Russia"},{"name":"Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dmitry A.","family":"Isaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center\u2014Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC-FMBC), 46, Zhivopisnaya Str, Moscow 123098, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergey B.","family":"Stavitsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Veterinary Cell Medicine, 8\/1 Tvardovsky Str, Moscow 123458, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander M.","family":"Zaitsev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Horse Breeding (ARRIH), Ryazan Oblast, Rybnovskij District 391105, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valery V.","family":"Kalaschnikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Horse Breeding (ARRIH), Ryazan Oblast, Rybnovskij District 391105, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3425-723X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey","family":"Leonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5921-9056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreyan N.","family":"Osipov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Research Center\u2014Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC-FMBC), 46, Zhivopisnaya Str, Moscow 123098, Russia"},{"name":"Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia"},{"name":"Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.07.1327","article-title":"Value of the sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation level, as measured by the sperm chromatin dispersion test, in the outcome of in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection","volume":"85","author":"Muriel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fertil. 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