{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:44:02Z","timestamp":1792172642839,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibodies"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Clinical syndromes associated with antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are now recognized as a distinct neurological disease entity, and are gaining increasing attention. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying MOG-antibody disease (MOGAD) remain incompletely understood. Case series, facilitated by registries, and observational studies over the past few years have shed increasing light on the clinical aspects and therapeutic approaches of MOGAD. MOGAD may manifest with a variety of clinical syndromes, including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), autoimmune encephalitis, optic neuritis (ON) and transverse myelitis (TM). MOGAD can be either monophasic or relapsing. This review aims to provide a comprehensive updated description of the clinical spectrum, paraclinical features, and prognosis of MOG-antibody disease, as well as summarize its therapeutic considerations. Randomized clinical trials, standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines are the steps forward.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antib13020043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T12:02:23Z","timestamp":1715947343000},"page":"43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-Antibody Associated Disease: An Updated Review of the Clinical Spectrum, Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5022-6460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Gklinos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Neurology Department, Eginition University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Dobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Preventive Neurology, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4016","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.139.12.4016","article-title":"A monoclonal antibody against a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein induces relapses and demyelination in central nervous system autoimmune disease","volume":"139","author":"Schluesener","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. 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