{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T05:02:01Z","timestamp":1793682121599,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016047","name":"Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PROMIS, #GRANT No 6066966, InfoBomat"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROMIS, #GRANT No 6066966, InfoBomat"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bovine mastitis is the most widespread and economically important disease worldwide. The present study aimed to determine bioactive compounds in two essential oils (EOs) from wild (Thymus serpyllum) and common thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and to assess the antioxidant potential as well as antibacterial efficacy of the EOs against mastitis-associated bacteria. The study also included antibiotic susceptibility tests. The strains were previously isolated from lactating animals with clinical and subclinical mastitis. The antioxidant potential of the commercial EOs of wild and common thyme was evaluated by five in vitro assays. The antibacterial activity was performed using the microdilution technique, while antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby\u2013Bauer disc diffusion method. The dominant compound in wild thyme was thymol (45.22%), followed by p-cymene (23.83%) and \u03b3-terpinene (3.12%), while in common thyme, it was thymol (54.17%), followed by \u03b3-terpinene (22.18%) and p-cymene (16.66%). Among the fourteen mastitis-associated bacteria, strain IX Streptococcus spp. (\u03b2-hemolytic) was the most sensitive to the tested EOs (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)\/minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were 0.78\/1.56 and 0.39\/0.78 mg\/mL for T. serpyllum (TS) and T. vulgaris (TV), respectively). Regarding Streptococcus spp. \u03b2 heamoliticus, MICs for TS ranged from 0.78 to 1.56 mg\/mL, while for the same oil, MBCs ranged from 1.56 to 12.5 mg\/mL. In the case of T. vulgaris, MICs ranged from 0.39 to 3.125 mg\/ mL, while MBCs ranged from 3.125 to 6.25 mg\/mL. TV is more active against E. coli, E. sakazakii, and Streptococcus spp., while it is less effective against Staphylococcus spp. than TS. The study revealed that the tested EOs possess remarkable antioxidative and antibacterial activities and could be used in the development of pharmaceutical formulation as an alternative to conventional mastitis therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10020205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T09:06:10Z","timestamp":1613725570000},"page":"205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Natural Agents against Bovine Mastitis Pathogens"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0133-872X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zorana","family":"Kova\u010devi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miodrag","family":"Radinovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2215-4281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"\u010cabarkapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5781-6412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neboj\u0161a","family":"Kladar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control\/Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biljana","family":"Bo\u017ein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Medical and Pharmaceutical Investigations and Quality Control\/Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(01)00160-0","article-title":"Bovine mastitis and intramammary drug delivery: Review and perspectives","volume":"50","author":"Gruet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Adv. 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