{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T21:38:20Z","timestamp":1774388300629,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The European Union and the General Secretariat for Research and  Innovation, Ministry of Development &amp; Investments","award":["T2DGE-0944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T2DGE-0944"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Resistance mediated by \u03b2-lactamases is a globally spread menace. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of Escherichia coli producing plasmid-encoded AmpC \u03b2-lactamases (pAmpC) in animals. Fecal samples from chickens (n = 159), cattle (n = 104), pigs (n = 214), and various wild bird species (n = 168), collected from different Greek regions during 2018\u20132020, were screened for the presence of pAmpC-encoding genes. Thirteen E. coli displaying resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and a positive AmpC confirmation test were detected. blaCMY-2 was the sole pAmpC gene identified in 12 chickens\u2019 and 1 wild bird (Eurasian magpie) isolates and was in all cases linked to an upstream ISEcp1-like element. The isolates were classified into five different sequence types: ST131, ST117, ST155, ST429, and ST1415. Four chickens\u2019 stains were assigned to ST131, while five chickens\u2019 strains and the one from the Eurasian magpie belonged to ST117. Seven pAmpC isolates co-harbored genes conferring resistance to tetracyclines (tetM, tetB, tetC, tetD), 3 carried sulfonamide resistance genes (sulI and sulII), and 10 displayed mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA (S83L+D87N) and parC (S80I+E84V). This report provides evidence of pAmpC dissemination, describing for the first time the presence of CMY-2 in chickens and wild birds from Greece.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10030235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T04:36:24Z","timestamp":1614314184000},"page":"235","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Poultry and Wild Birds as a Reservoir of CMY-2 Producing Escherichia coli: The First Large-Scale Study in Greece"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Zoi","family":"Athanasakopoulou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Tsilipounidaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Sofia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1400-7599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitris C.","family":"Chatzopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexios","family":"Giannakopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Karakousis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Elanco Hellas S.A.C.I., 15231 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vassilios","family":"Giannakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Elanco Hellas S.A.C.I., 15231 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vassiliki","family":"Spyrou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Animal Science, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Touloudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Satra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public and Integrated Health, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Galamatis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hellenic Agricultural Organization DIMITRA (ELGO DIMITRA), 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vassilis","family":"Diamantopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Directorate of Public Health, Prefecture of Peloponnese, 22132 Tripoli, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Spyridoula","family":"Mpellou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioefarmoges Eleftheriou LP-Integrated Mosquito Control, 19007 Marathon, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Efthymia","family":"Petinaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2209-9772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charalambos","family":"Billinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"},{"name":"Faculty of Public and Integrated Health, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2019). 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