{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:31:51Z","timestamp":1792805511485,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo State Research Support Foundation","award":["2016 \/ 12211-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016 \/ 12211-4"]}]},{"name":"S\u00e3o Paulo State Research Support Foundation","award":["CEPOF 2013 \/ 07276-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CEPOF 2013 \/ 07276-1"]}]},{"name":"Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos","award":["01.13.0275\/00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01.13.0275\/00"]}]},{"name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel - Brazil","award":["Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Code 001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected disease prevalent in tropical countries with the ability to cause skin lesions. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a specific and topical option for the treatment of these lesions. This study evaluated the response of macrophages infected with L. braziliensis and L. major to PDT with curcumin. Curcumin concentrations were evaluated in serial dilutions from 500.0 to 7.8 \u00b5g\/mL using LED (\u03bb = 450 \u00b1 5 nm), with a light dose of 10 J\/cm2. The Trypan blue viability test, ultrastructural analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mitochondrial polarity by Rhodamine 123 (Rho 123), curcumin internalization by confocal microscopy, and counting of the recovered parasites after the PDT treatment were performed. The lowest concentrations of curcumin (15.6 and 7.8 \u00b5g\/mL) presented photodynamic inactivation. Cell destruction and internalization of curcumin in both macrophages and intracellular parasites were observed in microscopy techniques. In addition, an increase in mitochondrial membrane polarity and a decrease in the number of parasites recovered was observed in the PDT groups. This study indicates that PDT with curcumin has the potential to inactivate infected macrophages and might act as a basis for future in vivo studies using the parameters herein discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10060634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T22:02:23Z","timestamp":1621980143000},"page":"634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Evaluation of the Photodynamic Therapy with Curcumin on L. braziliensis and L. major Amastigotes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9 Henrique Correia","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Photobios\u2013Photobiology Applied to Health, University of Vale do Para\u00edba, Urbanova, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 2911, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana Maria Cortez","family":"Marcolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photobios\u2013Photobiology Applied to Health, University of Vale do Para\u00edba, Urbanova, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 2911, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana Guerra","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photobios\u2013Photobiology Applied to Health, University of Vale do Para\u00edba, Urbanova, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 2911, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Ferreira-Strixino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Photobios\u2013Photobiology Applied to Health, University of Vale do Para\u00edba, Urbanova, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos 2911, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.09.004","article-title":"Leishmaniasis and poverty","volume":"22","author":"Alvar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw670","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Leishmaniasis: Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America ( IDSA ) and the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ( ASTMH )","volume":"63","author":"Aronson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. 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