{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:12:01Z","timestamp":1760235121347,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Prescribed antibiotic treatments which do not match the therapeutic requirements of potentially co-existing undetected sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can facilitate the selection of antibiotic-drug-resistant clones. To reduce this risk, this modelling assessed the potential applicability of reliable rapid molecular test assays targeting bacterial STI prior to the prescription of antibiotic drugs. The modelling was based on the prevalence of three bacterial STIs in German heterosexual and men-having-sex-with-men (MSM) populations, as well as on reported test characteristics of respective assays. In the case of the application of rapid molecular STI assays for screening, the numbers needed to test in order to correctly identify any of the included bacterial STIs ranged from 103 to 104 for the heterosexual population and from 5 to 14 for the MSM population. The number needed to harm\u2014defined as getting a false negative result for any of the STIs and a false positive signal for another one, potentially leading to an even more inappropriate adaptation of antibiotic therapy than without any STI screening\u2014was at least 208,995 for the heterosexuals and 16,977 for the MSM. Therefore, the screening approach may indeed be suitable to avoid unnecessary selective pressure on bacterial causes of sexually transmitted infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10080929","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T12:59:24Z","timestamp":1627649964000},"page":"929","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Testing as Prevention of Resistance in Bacteria Causing Sexually Transmitted Infections\u2014A Population-Based Model for Germany"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5157-8369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Hahn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8967-9528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hagen","family":"Frickmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medicine Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, 20359 Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Loderst\u00e4dt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infection Control and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen, 37075 G\u00f6ttingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1556\/1886.2019.00023","article-title":"Sexually Transmitted Infections in Soldiers\u2014A Cross-Sectional Assessment in German Paratroopers and Navy Soldiers and a Literature Review","volume":"9","author":"Gottwald","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. 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