{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T14:25:45Z","timestamp":1792765545252,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]],"date-time":"2021-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Finance Code 001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Finance Code 001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005668","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Apoio \u00e0 Pesquisa do Distrito Federal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Edital 3\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Edital 3\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005668","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tetracyclines and sulfonamides are broad-spectrum antibacterial agents which have been used to treat bacterial infections for over half a century. The widespread use of tetracyclines and sulfonamides led to the emergence of resistance in a diverse group of bacteria. This resistance can be studied by searching for resistance genes present in the bacteria responsible for different resistance mechanisms. Salmonella is one of the leading bacteria causing foodborne diseases worldwide, and its resistance to tetracyclines and sulfonamides has been widely reported. The literature review searched the Virtual Health Library for articles with specific data in the studied samples: the resistance genes found, the primers used in PCR, and the thermocycler conditions. The results revealed that Salmonella presented high rates of resistance to tetracycline and sulfonamide, and the most frequent samples used to isolate Salmonella were poultry and pork. The tetracycline resistance genes most frequently detected from Salmonella spp. were tetA followed by tetB. The gene sul1 followed by sul2 were the most frequently sulfonamide resistance genes present in Salmonella. These genes are associated with plasmids, transposons, or both, and are often conjugative, highlighting the transference potential of these genes to other bacteria, environments, animals, and humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10111314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]],"date-time":"2021-10-28T23:50:28Z","timestamp":1635465028000},"page":"1314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Presence of Tetracycline and Sulfonamide Resistance Genes in Salmonella spp.: Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2965-8706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina Lunara Santos","family":"Pavelquesi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Control, University of Brasilia (UnB), Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, lote 01, Ceilandia, Brasilia CEP, Bras\u00edlia 72220-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Carolina Almeida","family":"de Oliveira Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Control, University of Brasilia (UnB), Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, lote 01, Ceilandia, Brasilia CEP, Bras\u00edlia 72220-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angeislenie Ricelle Magalh\u00e3es","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Control, University of Brasilia (UnB), Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, lote 01, Ceilandia, Brasilia CEP, Bras\u00edlia 72220-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9064-0735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Calliandra Maria","family":"de Souza Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Control, University of Brasilia (UnB), Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, lote 01, Ceilandia, Brasilia CEP, Bras\u00edlia 72220-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7325-9871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela Castilho","family":"Orsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Control, University of Brasilia (UnB), Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, lote 01, Ceilandia, Brasilia CEP, Bras\u00edlia 72220-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6836-3583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izabel Cristina Rodrigues","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Control, University of Brasilia (UnB), Centro Metropolitano, Conjunto A, lote 01, Ceilandia, Brasilia CEP, Bras\u00edlia 72220-900, DF, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Prevalence of tetracycline resistance genes among multi-drug resistant bacteria from selected water distribution systems in southwestern Nigeria","volume":"14","author":"Adesoji","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. 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