{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:40:58Z","timestamp":1760236858667,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP20dk0110030","JP20fk0108134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20dk0110030","JP20fk0108134"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A high prevalence of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-PE) may call for monitoring in geriatric long-term care facilities (g-LTCFs). We surveyed the distribution of ESBL-causative gene types and antimicrobial susceptibility in ESBL-PE strains from residents in g-LTCFs, and investigated the association between ESBL-causative gene types and antimicrobial susceptibility. First, we analyzed the types of ESBL-causative genes obtained from 141 ESBL-PE strains collected from the feces of residents in four Japanese g-LTCFs. Next, we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration values for alternative antimicrobial agents against ESBL-PE, including \u03b2-lactams and non-\u03b2-lactams. Escherichia coli accounted for 96% of the total ESBL-PE strains. Most strains (94%) contained blaCTX-M group genes. The genes most commonly underlying resistance were of the blaCTX-M-9 and blaCTX-M-1 groups. Little difference was found in the distribution of ESBL-causative genes among the facilities; however, antimicrobial susceptibility differed widely among the facilities. No specific difference was found between antimicrobial susceptibility and the number of ESBL-causative genes. Our data showed that ESBL-PEs were susceptible to some antimicrobial agents, but the susceptibility largely differed among facilities. These findings suggest that each g-LTCF may require specific treatment strategies based on their own antibiogram. Investigations into drug resistance should be performed in g-LTCFs as well as acute medical facilities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11010036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T08:12:15Z","timestamp":1640765535000},"page":"36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Distribution of Extended-Spectrum \u03b2-Lactamase Genes and Antimicrobial Susceptibility among Residents in Geriatric Long-Term Care Facilities in Japan"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6216-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dai","family":"Akine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"},{"name":"Health Service Center, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teppei","family":"Sasahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"},{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"},{"name":"Division of Public Health, Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Kiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2660-530X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryusuke","family":"Ae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Public Health, Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1050-2699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koki","family":"Kosami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Public Health, Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akio","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Corporation Sanikukai Nissin Hospital, Hishimachi 3 chome, Kiryu 376-0001, Gunma, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinari","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nikko Citizen\u2019s Hospital, Kiyotakiarasawamachi 1752-10, Nikko 321-1441, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumasa","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yumiko","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Service Center, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Morisawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8909-3885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Longzhu","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Tochigi, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2006.12.002","article-title":"Infection control in long-term care facilities","volume":"8","author":"Richards","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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