{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T00:33:50Z","timestamp":1760402030367,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LP110200770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LP110200770"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we investigated the potential of an analogue of robenidine (NCL179) to expand its chemical diversity for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. We show that NCL179 exhibits potent bactericidal activity, returning minimum inhibitory concentration\/minimum bactericidal concentrations (MICs\/MBCs) of 1\u20132 \u00b5g\/mL against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MICs\/MBCs of 1\u20132 \u00b5g\/mL against methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius and MICs\/MBCs of 2\u20134 \u00b5g\/mL against vancomycin-resistant enterococci. NCL179 showed synergistic activity against clinical isolates and reference strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the presence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of colistin, whereas NCL179 alone had no activity. Mice given oral NCL179 at 10 mg\/kg and 50 mg\/kg (4 \u00d7 doses, 4 h apart) showed no adverse clinical effects and no observable histological effects in any of the organs examined. In a bioluminescent S. aureus sepsis challenge model, mice that received four oral doses of NCL179 at 50 mg\/kg at 4 h intervals exhibited significantly reduced bacterial loads, longer survival times and higher overall survival rates than the vehicle-only treated mice. These results support NCL179 as a valid candidate for further development to treat MDR bacterial infections as a stand-alone antibiotic or in combination with existing antibiotic classes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11010065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]],"date-time":"2022-01-06T03:41:32Z","timestamp":1641440492000},"page":"65","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Impact of a Novel Anticoccidial Analogue on Systemic Staphylococcus aureus Infection in a Bioluminescent Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6313-9371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hang Thi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5569-7755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrietta","family":"Venter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7271-2937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucy","family":"Woolford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelly","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7125-863X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"McCluskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7253-2629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanjay","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5312-2149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen W.","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neoculi Pty Ltd., Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darren J.","family":"Trott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9308-5629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abiodun David","family":"Ogunniyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance Ecology, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2014.00145","article-title":"The antimicrobial resistance crisis: Causes, consequences, and management","volume":"2","author":"Michael","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. 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