{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:36:06Z","timestamp":1790354166725,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica-FONCyT","award":["PICT-2015-1393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2015-1393"]}]},{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica-FONCyT","award":["30720150100934CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30720150100934CB"]}]},{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica-FONCyT","award":["33720180100058CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["33720180100058CB"]}]},{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y Tecnol\u00f3gica-FONCyT","award":["PIP-112 201501-00652CO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIP-112 201501-00652CO"]}]},{"name":"SECyT-UNC","award":["PICT-2015-1393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2015-1393"]}]},{"name":"SECyT-UNC","award":["30720150100934CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30720150100934CB"]}]},{"name":"SECyT-UNC","award":["33720180100058CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["33720180100058CB"]}]},{"name":"SECyT-UNC","award":["PIP-112 201501-00652CO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIP-112 201501-00652CO"]}]},{"name":"CONICET","award":["PICT-2015-1393"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2015-1393"]}]},{"name":"CONICET","award":["30720150100934CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30720150100934CB"]}]},{"name":"CONICET","award":["33720180100058CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["33720180100058CB"]}]},{"name":"CONICET","award":["PIP-112 201501-00652CO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PIP-112 201501-00652CO"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Invasive candidiasis encompassing Candida bloodstream infections and deep-seated candidiasis can become a persistent health problem. These infections are caused by Candida species and have high morbidity and mortality rates. Species distribution, access to diagnosis, treatment and mortality are different around the world. The mortality rate is high in South America (30\u201370%), and Candida albicans is the most prevalent species in this region. However, a global epidemiological shift to non-albicans species has been observed. In this group, C. parapsilosis is the species most frequently detected, followed by C. tropicalis, and at a slower rate, C. glabrata, which has also increased, in addition to the emerging C. auris, resistance to several drugs. This article summarizes relevant aspects of candidemia pathogenesis, such as the mechanisms of fungal invasion, immune response, and the impact of genetic defects that increase host susceptibility to developing the infection. We also discuss relevant aspects of treatment and future challenges in South America.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11070877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]],"date-time":"2022-06-30T20:53:02Z","timestamp":1656622382000},"page":"877","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Invasive Candidiasis: Update and Current Challenges in the Management of This Mycosis in South America"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Fernando Oscar","family":"Riera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Sanatorio Allende, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"Research Group of Immunology and Mycology, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6172-1395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Caeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Immunology and Mycology, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"Section of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Privado Universitario de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9242-975X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia Carla","family":"Angiolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Immunology and Mycology, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratory of Innate Immunity to Fungal Pathogens, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"CIBICI-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Vigezzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Immunology and Mycology, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratory of Innate Immunity to Fungal Pathogens, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"CIBICI-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4100-8506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilse","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Immunology and Mycology, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratory of Innate Immunity to Fungal Pathogens, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"CIBICI-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula Alejandra","family":"Icely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Immunology and Mycology, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratory of Innate Immunity to Fungal Pathogens, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"CIBICI-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2449-0852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia Elena","family":"Sotomayor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group of Immunology and Mycology, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratory of Innate Immunity to Fungal Pathogens, Departamento de Bioqu\u00edmica Cl\u00ednica, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"},{"name":"CIBICI-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Nacional de C\u00f3rdoba, C\u00f3rdoba 5000, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S121","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1751","article-title":"EORTC\/MSGERC Definitions of Invasive Fungal Diseases: Summary of Activities of the Intensive Care Unit Working Group","volume":"72","author":"Bassetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. 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