{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,20]],"date-time":"2026-06-20T03:17:19Z","timestamp":1781925439837,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]],"date-time":"2022-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659139200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The accelerated dispersion of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli due to the production of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases (ESBLs) or AmpC enzymes has been noted in Egypt, presenting a serious treatment challenge. In this study, we investigate the prevalence of ESBLs and AmpC enzymes among 48 E. coli isolates collected from patients with urinary tract infections admitted to a teaching hospital in Alexandria. Phenotypic and genotypic methods of detection are conducted. Isolates producing both enzymes are tested for the mobilization of their genes by a broth mating experiment. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is performed for isolate EC13655. The results indicate that 80% of the isolates are MDR, among which 52% and 13% were ESBL and AmpC producers, respectively. Conjugation experiments fail to show the mobilization of blaCMY-2 in EC13655, which was chosen for WGS. In silico analysis reveals that the isolate belongs to a ST410-H24Rx high-risk clone. It coharbors the ESBL-encoding genes blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1 and blaNDM-5 on an IncFIA\/IncFIB\/IncFII\/IncQ1 multireplicon plasmid. The chromosomal location of blaCMY-2 is detected with a flanking upstream copy of ISEcp1. This chromosomal integration of blaCMY-2 establishes the stable maintenance of the gene and thus, necessitates an imperative local surveillance to reduce further spread of such strains in different clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11081031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,31]],"date-time":"2022-07-31T21:49:02Z","timestamp":1659304142000},"page":"1031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Genomic Characterization of International High-Risk Clone ST410 Escherichia coli Co-Harboring ESBL-Encoding Genes and blaNDM-5 on IncFIA\/IncFIB\/IncFII\/IncQ1 Multireplicon Plasmid and Carrying a Chromosome-Borne blaCMY-2 from Egypt"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9073-5032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelly M.","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1-El-Khartoom Square, Azarita, Alexandria 25435, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3772-1381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azza S.","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1-El-Khartoom Square, Azarita, Alexandria 25435, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9426-5074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva A.","family":"Edward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, 1-El-Khartoom Square, Azarita, Alexandria 25435, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2772","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59772-z","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Extended-spectrum \u03b2 lactamase- producing E. coli recovered from community-acquired urinary tract infections in Upper Egypt","volume":"10","author":"Hassuna","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. 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