{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T17:19:40Z","timestamp":1789751980322,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]],"date-time":"2022-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Association Plateforme BioPark Archamps (France)","award":["18G0804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18G0804"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Extraction methods depend mainly on the chemical nature of the extracted molecule. For these reasons, the selection of the extraction medium is a vital part of obtaining these molecules. The extraction of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from extremophile plants is important because of its potential pharmaceutical applications. This work focused on the evaluation of several solvents for the extraction of AMPs from the following two extremophile plants: Astragalus armatus and Anthyllis sericea from southern Tunisia. In order to identify the most efficient solvents and extraction solutions, we used sulfuric acid, dichloromethane, phosphate buffer, acetic acid and sodium acetate, and we tested them on leaves and roots of both the studied plants. The extracts obtained using sulfuric acid, dichloromethane and phosphate buffer extraction did not show any antimicrobial activity, whereas the acetic acid and sodium acetate extracts led to growth inhibition of some of the tested bacterial strains. The extracts of leaves and roots of An. sericea and As. armatus obtained by acetic acid and sodium acetate were proven to be active against Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, the most appropriate solvents to use for antimicrobial peptide extraction from both plants are acetic acid and sodium acetate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11101302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,25]],"date-time":"2022-09-25T21:14:28Z","timestamp":1664140468000},"page":"1302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Optimized Chemical Extraction Methods of Antimicrobial Peptides from Roots and Leaves of Extremophilic Plants: Anthyllis sericea and Astragalus armatus Collected from the Tunisian Desert"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Raoua","family":"Ben Brahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia"},{"name":"Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasna","family":"Ellouzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khaoula","family":"Fouzai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia"},{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Carthage University, Bizerte 7021, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nedra","family":"Asses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Higher Institute of Sciences and Technologies of the Environment of Borj Cedria, University of Carthage, Amilcar 1054, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Neffati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pastoral Ecosystems and Valorization of Spontaneous Plants, LR16IRA03, Institute of Arid Regions, University of Gab\u00e8s, M\u00e9denine 4119, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9040-5647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean Marc","family":"Sabatier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), Facult\u00e9 des Sciences M\u00e9dicales et Param\u00e9dicales, Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9, CNRS UMR 7051, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9016-265X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Bulet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plateform BioPark Archamps, 218 Avenue Marie Curie Archparc, 74160 Archamps, France"},{"name":"CR University Grenoble Alpes, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, 38700 Grenoble, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imed","family":"Regaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia"},{"name":"Higher Institute of Sciences and Technologies of the Environment of Borj Cedria, University of Carthage, Amilcar 1054, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14649","article-title":"The future of antibiotics begins with discovering new combinations","volume":"1496","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. 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