{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T15:27:49Z","timestamp":1773761269574,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a Gram-negative bacillus that causes skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), as well as bacteremia, pneumonia, and urinary tract infections. S. maltophilia infections are typically nosocomial and are often transmitted through water sources. Although historically described in immunocompromised hosts, S. maltophilia prevalence is increasing in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent populations. In light of high morbidity and mortality, it is critical that dermatologists are aware of this organism because of the limited options for therapy. Here, we describe a case of a S. maltophilia abscess with bacteremia in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and aplastic anemia that was successfully treated with trimethoprim\u2013sulfamethoxazole. We also review the current standard of care and propose an algorithm for the treatment of S. maltophilia infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11101398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]],"date-time":"2022-10-12T20:53:29Z","timestamp":1665608009000},"page":"1398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, a Pathogen of Increasing Relevance to Dermatologists: A Case Report and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2228-4107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annika","family":"Belzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farshid","family":"Etaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4011-8308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Bunick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"},{"name":"Program in Translational Biomedicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Damsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bcr-2017-221053","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-221053","article-title":"Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: An emerging multidrug-resistant opportunistic pathogen in the immunocompromised host","volume":"2017","author":"Baumrin","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2004.01.033","article-title":"Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: The significance and role as a nosocomial pathogen","volume":"57","author":"Senol","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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Dis."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.09.84","article-title":"Attributable mortality of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections: A systematic review of the literature","volume":"4","author":"Falagas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Future Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-008-0518-2","article-title":"Factors associated with mortality in patients with bloodstream infection and pneumonia due to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia","volume":"27","author":"Paez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2008.05.020","article-title":"Risk factors associated with mortality of infections caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: A systematic review","volume":"70","author":"Paez","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Infect."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V37N10p826","article-title":"Independent predictors for mortality in patients with positive Stenotrophomonas maltophilia cultures","volume":"37","author":"Kwa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. Acad. Med. Singap."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samonis, G., Karageorgopoulos, D.E., Maraki, S., Levis, P., Dimopoulou, D., Spernovasilis, N.A., Kofteridis, D.P., and Falagas, M.E. (2012). Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections in a general hospital: Patient characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility, and treatment outcome. 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Infect Dis."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"350","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia","volume":"37","author":"Lai","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2004.10.002","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of uncommonly isolated non-enteric Gram-negative bacilli","volume":"25","author":"Sader","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. 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