{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T21:04:58Z","timestamp":1762981498159,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,18]],"date-time":"2022-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, Japan","award":["21AA2007","22AA2003","20H03907","21H03159","21K08123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21AA2007","22AA2003","20H03907","21H03159","21K08123"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan","award":["21AA2007","22AA2003","20H03907","21H03159","21K08123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21AA2007","22AA2003","20H03907","21H03159","21K08123"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Choreito, a Japanese Kampo medicine, is used to treat Japanese female patients for the quick relief of inflammatory symptoms associated with acute cystitis. We evaluated whether Choreito is effective in reducing antibiotic use and the number of clinic visits for these patients. Females aged 18\u201349 years who had acute cystitis for the first time, with no history of medical insurance use within 90 days prior to their visit, and no hospitalizations within the 30 days after their first visit were identified from the JMDC Claims Database between April 2018 and March 2021. For the 30 days after their first visit, patients who were given their first antimicrobial prescriptions with or without Choreito were compared regarding (i) the number of clinic visits, (ii) total antimicrobial prescription days, and (iii) the number of antimicrobial prescriptions adjusted for their age, Charlson comorbidity index, and the COVID-19 pandemic period (after April 2020). For the 319 and 8515 patients with or without a Choreito prescription, respectively, multivariable Poisson regression analyses showed that Choreito was significantly associated with a 5% shortening of a patient\u2019s total antimicrobial prescription days (Beta, 0.950; p = 0.038), whereas no significant difference was observed in the number of clinic visits and antimicrobial prescriptions (p = 0.624 and p = 0.732, respectively). The prescription of Choreito in combination with antimicrobials was associated with a slight reduction in total antimicrobial use for acute cystitis among females.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11121840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T05:55:43Z","timestamp":1671429343000},"page":"1840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prescription of Choreito, a Japanese Kampo Medicine, with Antimicrobials for Treatment of Acute Cystitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0901-3209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toru","family":"Sugihara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0069-7392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun","family":"Kamei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Yasunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Sasabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Science Center, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Fujimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ben Hadj Messaoud, S., Demonchy, E., and Mondain, V. 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