{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T03:48:00Z","timestamp":1779248880501,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>phlD is a novel kind of polyketide synthase involved in the biosynthesis of non-volatile metabolite phloroglucinol by iteratively condensing and cyclizing three molecules of malonyl-CoA as substrate. Phloroglucinol or 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) is an ecologically important rhizospheric antibiotic produced by pseudomonads; it exhibits broad spectrum anti-bacterial and anti-fungal properties, leading to disease suppression in the rhizosphere. Additionally, DAPG triggers systemic resistance in plants, stimulates root exudation, as well as induces phyto-enhancing activities in other rhizobacteria. Here, we report the cloning and analysis of the phlD gene from soil-borne gram-negative bacteria\u2014Pseudomonas. The full-length phlD gene (from 1078 nucleotides) was successfully cloned and the structural details of the PHLD protein were analyzed in-depth via a three-dimensional topology and a refined three-dimensional model for the PHLD protein was predicted. Additionally, the stereochemical properties of the PHLD protein were analyzed by the Ramachandran plot, based on which, 94.3% of residues fell in the favored region and 5.7% in the allowed region. The generated model was validated by secondary structure prediction using PDBsum. The present study aimed to clone and characterize the DAPG-producing phlD gene to be deployed in the development of broad-spectrum biopesticides for the biocontrol of rhizospheric pathogens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12020260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T04:58:25Z","timestamp":1675054705000},"page":"260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Cloning and Molecular Characterization of the phlD Gene Involved in the Biosynthesis of \u201cPhloroglucinol\u201d, a Compound with Antibiotic Properties from Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria Pseudomonas spp."],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Payal","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prasanta K.","family":"Dash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tenkabailu Dharmanna","family":"Sanjay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7716-0721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharat Kumar","family":"Pradhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, India"},{"name":"Indian Council of Agriculture Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi 110001, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4171-6956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rohini","family":"Sreevathsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rhitu","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Kloepper, J., Lifshitz, R., and Schroth, M. 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