{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:02:50Z","timestamp":1791547370421,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"High-level Talents Fund of Wuhu Municipal Government","award":["2021-134"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-134"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although the combination of polymyxin and tigecycline is widely used in treating carbapenem-resistant bacterial infections, the benefit of this combination is still uncertain. To assess whether adding polymyxin B to the high-dose tigecycline regimen would result in better clinical outcomes than the high-dose tigecycline therapy in patients with pneumonia caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii, we conducted a propensity score-matched cohort study in a single center between July 2019 and December 2021. Of the 162 eligible patients, 102 were included in the 1:1 matched cohort. The overall 14-day mortality in the matched cohort was 24.5%. Compared with high-dose tigecycline, the combination therapy was not associated with better clinical outcomes, and showed similar 14-day mortality (OR, 0.72, 95% CI 0.27\u20131.83, p = 0.486), clinical cure (OR, 1.09, 95% CI 0.48\u20132.54, p = 0.823), microbiological cure (OR, 0.96, 95% CI 0.39\u20132.53, p = 0.928) and rate of nephrotoxicity (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.36\u20131.99, p = 0.712). Subgroup analyses also did not demonstrate any statistical differences. Based on these results, it is reasonable to recommend against adding polymyxin B to the high-dose tigecycline regimen in treating pneumonia caused by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12020273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T05:57:23Z","timestamp":1675058243000},"page":"273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Intravenous Polymyxin B as Adjunctive Therapy to High-Dose Tigecycline for the Treatment of Nosocomial Pneumonia Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4897-0703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Zha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241000, China"},{"name":"Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8342-958X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusheng","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiancheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingxi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Unit, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6668-217X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boris","family":"Tefsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Natural Sciences, Ronin Institute, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30753-3","article-title":"Discovery, research, and development of new antibiotics: The WHO priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis","volume":"18","author":"Tacconelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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