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In this study, the antibiotic resistance, virulence gene acquisition, and molecular type were determined on a large scale of nosocomial S. aureus strains in Southern China during 2009\u20132015. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility to 10 antibiotics were tested by Vitek-2. Virulence genes encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEA, SEB, SEC, SED, and SEE), exfoliative toxins (ETA and ETB), Panton\u2013Valentine leukocidin (PVL), and toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) were detected by PCR, with SCCmec typing also conducted by multiplex PCR strategy. Genotypes were discriminated by MLST and spaA typing. MLST was performed by amplification of the internal region of seven housekeeping genes. PCR amplification targeting the spa gene was performed for spa typing. No resistance to vancomycin, linezolid, or quinupristin and increase in the resistance to trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole (55.5%) were identified. A total of nine SCCmec types and subtypes, thirteen STs clustered into thirteen spa types were identified, with ST239-SCCmec III-t037 presenting the predominant methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) clone. Typically, SCCmec type IX and ST546 were emergent types in China. Isolates positive for both pvl and tsst genes and for both eta and etb genes were also identified. Important findings in this study include: firstly, we have provided comprehensive knowledge on the molecular epidemiology of MRSA in Southern China which fills the gap since 2006 or 2010 from previous studies. Secondly, we have presented the correlation between virulence factors (four major groups) and genotypes (SCCmec, ST and spa types). Thirdly, we have shown evidence for earliest emergence of type I SCCmec from 2012, type VI from 2009 and type XI from 2012 in MRSA from Southern China.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12020368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T02:56:13Z","timestamp":1675997773000},"page":"368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Antimicrobial Resistance, SCCmec, Virulence and Genotypes of MRSA in Southern China for 7 Years: Filling the Gap of Molecular Epidemiology"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6549-4388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junyan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Light Industry and Food Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, Academy of Contemporary Agricultural Engineering Innovations, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Green Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing of Lingnan Specialty Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510225, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tengyi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanapop","family":"Soteyome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Home Economics Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakhon, Bangkok 10300, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7013-3800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangchao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510620, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingqiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congxiu","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermato-Venereology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yan-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2865-2441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenbo","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515063, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00134-14","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus infections: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management","volume":"28","author":"Tong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. 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