{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:20:56Z","timestamp":1791264056954,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007446","name":"King Khalid University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007446","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Finnish Cultural Foundation","award":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"]}]},{"name":"the Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation","award":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"]}]},{"name":"the Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation","award":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"]}]},{"name":"the Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research","award":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"]}]},{"name":"the Academy of Finland, Finland","award":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP.2\/137\/1443"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and a significant health concern worldwide. The main threat to the elimination of TB is the development of resistance by MTB to the currently used antibiotics and more extended treatment methods, which is a massive burden on the health care system. As a result, there is an urgent need to identify new, effective therapeutic strategies with fewer adverse effects. The traditional medicines found in South Asia and Africa have a reservoir of medicinal plants and plant-based compounds that are considered another reliable option for human beings to treat various diseases. Abundant research is available for the biotherapeutic potential of naturally occurring compounds in various diseases but has been lagging in the area of TB. Plant-based compounds, or phytoproducts, are being investigated as potential anti-mycobacterial agents by reducing bacterial burden or modulating the immune system, thereby minimizing adverse effects. The efficacy of these phytochemicals has been evaluated through drug delivery using nanoformulations. This review aims to emphasize the value of anti-TB compounds derived from plants and provide a summary of current research on phytochemicals with potential anti-mycobacterial activity against MTB. This article aims to inform readers about the numerous potential herbal treatment options available for combatting TB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12030541","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T02:33:16Z","timestamp":1678329196000},"page":"541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Medicinal Plants as Therapeutic Alternatives to Combat Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Silvi","family":"Gautam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3498-797X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamal A.","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabaaz Begum","family":"Jameel Pasha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0905-7906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sugapriya","family":"Dhanasekaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Analytics, Institute of Bioinformatics, SSE-SIMATS, Chennai 602105, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6938-7835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashok","family":"Aspatwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7323-8536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seppo","family":"Parkkila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland"},{"name":"Fimlab Ltd., Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samyah","family":"Alanazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6395-5400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akhtar","family":"Atiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Guraiger, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2562-7403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Masih Uzzaman","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5340-7144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Divya","family":"Venugopal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun 248002, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"E9","article-title":"The history of tuberculosis: From the first historical records to the isolation of Koch\u2019s bacillus","volume":"58","author":"Barberis","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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