{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:39:49Z","timestamp":1790793589409,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In June 2021, a national incident team was formed due to an increased detection of Staphylococcus capitis in samples from hospitalised infants. Staphylococcus capitis has been known to cause outbreaks in neonatal units across the globe, but the extent of the UK spread was unclear. A literature review was undertaken to support case identification, clinical management and environmental infection control. A literature search was undertaken on multiple databases from inception to 24 May 2021, using keywords such as \u201cStaphylococcus capitis\u201d, \u201cNRCS-A\u201d, \u201cS. capitis\u201d, \u201cneonate\u201d, \u201cnewborn\u201d and \u201cneonatal intensive care unit\u201d (NICU). After screening, 223 articles of relevance were included. Results show incidences of S. capitis outbreaks have frequently been associated with the outbreak clone (NRCS-A) and environmental sources. The NRCS-A harbours a multidrug resistance profile that includes resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides, with several papers noting resistance or heteroresistance to vancomycin. The NRCS-A clone also harbours a novel SCCmec-SCCcad\/ars\/cop composite island and increased vancomycin resistance. The S. capitis NRCS-A clone has been detected for decades, but the reasons for the potentially increased frequency are unclear, as are the most effective interventions to manage outbreaks associated with this clone. This supports the need for improvements in environmental control and decontamination strategies to prevent transmission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12040669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,30]],"date-time":"2023-03-30T03:17:35Z","timestamp":1680146255000},"page":"669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Staphylococcus capitis: Review of Its Role in Infections and Outbreaks"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Victoria","family":"Heath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Virology and Infection Control, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK"},{"name":"National Institute of Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London WC1N 1EH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7534-3196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elaine","family":"Cloutman-Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Virology and Infection Control, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK"},{"name":"Healthy Infrastructure Research Group, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Watkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthy Infrastructure Research Group, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4996-0638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Karlikowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London SW1P 3JR, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4894-3641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derren","family":"Ready","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London SW1P 3JR, UK"},{"name":"Health Protection Research Unit in Behavioural Science and Evaluation, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2417-346X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Hatcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Virology and Infection Control, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London WC1N 3JH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Pearce-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London SW1P 3JR, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4776-3403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London SW1P 3JR, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9395-533X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia","family":"Demirjian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London SW1P 3JR, UK"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Evelina London Children\u2019s Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King\u2019s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK"},{"name":"Health Protection Research Unit, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"62","article-title":"Isolation and Characterization of Staphylococci from Human Skin II. 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