{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:22:43Z","timestamp":1792106563375,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation","award":["2017.82.014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017.82.014"]}]},{"name":"Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation","award":["09150182010020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["09150182010020"]}]},{"name":"ZonMW-VICI","award":["2017.82.014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017.82.014"]}]},{"name":"ZonMW-VICI","award":["09150182010020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["09150182010020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Antibiotic use prior to biopsy acquisition in people with diabetes and osteomyelitis of the foot (DFO) might influence bacterial yield in cultures or induce bacterial resistance. Obtaining reliable culture results is pivotal to guide antibiotics for conservative treatment of DFO. Methods: We prospectively analysed cultures of ulcer bed and percutaneous bone biopsies of people with DFO and investigated if antibiotics administered prior to (&lt;2 months up to 7 days) biopsy acquisition led to more negative cultures or increased resistance in virulent bacteria. We calculated relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We stratified analyses according to biopsy type (ulcer bed or bone). Results: We analysed bone and ulcer bed biopsies of 64 people, of whom 29 received prior antibiotics, and found that prior antibiotics did not lead to a higher risk of at least one negative culture (RR 1.3, (CI 0.8\u20132.0), nor did prior treatment increase the risk of a specific type of negative culture (RR for bone cultures 1.15, (CI 0.75\u20131.7), RR for ulcer bed cultures 0.92 (CI 0.33\u20132.6)) or both cultures (RR 1.3 (CI 0.35\u20134.7), and neither did it increase the risk of antibiotic resistance in the combined bacterial results of ulcer bed and bone cultures (RR 0.64, (CI 0.23\u20131.8)). Conclusions: Antibiotics administered up to 7 days before obtaining biopsies in people with DFO do not influence culture yield regardless of biopsy type, nor are they associated with more antibiotic resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12040684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T02:30:20Z","timestamp":1680229820000},"page":"684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effect of Prior Antibiotic Use on Culture Results in People with Diabetes and Foot Osteomyelitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Meryl Cinz\u00eda Tila Tamara","family":"Gramberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, De Boelelaan 1117, NL-1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity and Amsterdam Movement Sciences, P.O. Box 22660, NL-1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, NL-1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC Center for Diabetic Foot Complications (ACDC), P.O. Box 22660, NL-1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarne Marijn","family":"Van Hattem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Meibergdreef 9, NL-1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob Albert","family":"Dijkstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, NL-1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Dros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, NL-1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Nieuwdorp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam UMC Center for Diabetic Foot Complications (ACDC), P.O. Box 22660, NL-1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, NL-1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise Willy Elizabeth","family":"Sabelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, De Boelelaan 1117, NL-1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC Center for Diabetic Foot Complications (ACDC), P.O. Box 22660, NL-1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Movement Sciences, P.O. Box 22660, NL-1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3410-1227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar Josephus Gerardus","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, De Boelelaan 1117, NL-1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity and Amsterdam Movement Sciences, P.O. Box 22660, NL-1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam UMC Center for Diabetic Foot Complications (ACDC), P.O. Box 22660, NL-1100DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3280","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3280","article-title":"Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of foot infection in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2019 update)","volume":"36","author":"Lipsky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Res. 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