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Enterococcus faecalis, a member of enterococci, is a significant pathogen in nosocomial infections. E. faecalis resistance to linezolid is frequently related to the presence of optrA, which is often co-carried with fex, phenicol exporter genes, and erm genes encoding macrolide resistance. Therefore, the common use of antibiotics in veterinary might promote the occurrence of optrA in livestock settings. This is a cross-sectional study aiming to investigate the prevalence of optrA positive E. faecalis (OPEfs) in 6 reservoirs in farms in Ha Nam province, Vietnam, and its associated factors and to explore genetic relationships of OPEfs isolates. Among 639 collected samples, the prevalence of OPEfs was highest in flies, 46.8% (51\/109), followed by chickens 37.3% (72\/193), dogs 33.3% (17\/51), humans 18.7% (26\/139), wastewater 16.4% (11\/67) and pigs 11.3%, (14\/80). The total feeding area and total livestock unit of the farm were associated with the presence of OPEfs in chickens, flies, and wastewater. Among 186 OPEfs strains, 86% were resistant to linezolid. The presence of optrA was also related to the resistant phenotype against linezolid and levofloxacin of E. faecalis isolates. Close genotypic relationships identified by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis between OPEfs isolates recovered from flies and other reservoirs including chickens, pigs, dogs, and wastewater suggested the role of flies in the transmission of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. These results provided warnings of linezolid resistance although it is not used in livestock.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12060954","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T03:56:58Z","timestamp":1684987018000},"page":"954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prevalence and Associated Factors of optrA-Positive-Enterococcus faecalis in Different Reservoirs around Farms in Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Hoang Thi An","family":"Ha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Vinh Medical University, Vinh 431000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phuong Thi Lan","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran Thi Mai","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le Anh","family":"Tuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bui Thanh","family":"Thuy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran Hoang My","family":"Lien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pham Duy","family":"Thai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National 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Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Vu","family":"Trung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5815-4705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nguyen Hoai","family":"Thu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PATH, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran Nhu","family":"Duong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dang Duc","family":"Anh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pham 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Rogier","family":"van Doorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"},{"name":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 4BH, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8975-2193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-0052, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tran Huy","family":"Hoang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"},{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13339","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0804276105","article-title":"The oxazolidinone antibiotics perturb the ribosomal peptidyl-transferase center and effect tRNA positioning","volume":"105","author":"Wilson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc. 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