{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T15:14:55Z","timestamp":1773933295519,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]],"date-time":"2023-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Operational Program Integrated Infrastructure for the project, \u201cResearch and development in medical sciences\u2014the way to personalize the treatment of serious neurological, cardiovascular, and cancer diseases\u201d","award":["313011T431"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["313011T431"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The expansion of sequence type 131 (ST131) extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) represents major worldwide challenges. E. coli strains originating from healthcare facilities (labeled No. 1 and No. 2) of the University Hospital Bratislava (UHB) were analyzed for ST131 emergence, including its (sub)lineages and clonal relatedness. Antimicrobial resistance was determined in most strains. Of a total of 354 E. coli strains, 263 (74.3%) belonged to ST131; of these, 177 (67.3%) were from No. 1. Generally, among 260 ST131 E. coli, clades A\/B were confirmed in 20 (7.7%), while clade C was noted in 240 (92.3%) strains; within them, subclades were detected as follows: C0 (17; 7.1%), C1 (3; 1.2%), and C2 (220; 91.7%). Among fifteen randomly selected E. coli strains that were investigated for ST and clonal relatedness, seven STs were identified: eight (53.3%) ST131, two (13.3%) ST73, and one each (6.7%) of ST10, ST12, ST14, ST1193, and ST1196. From No. 1, two ST131 in the first internal clinic and one ST131 from No. 2 in the aftercare department were highly clonally related, suggesting possible epidemiological association. Antimicrobial resistance was as follows: ciprofloxacin 93.8%, ceftazidime 78.4%, meropenem 0%, fosfomycin 2.9% and nitrofurantoin 1.4%. Prevention of ESBL-producing E. coli dissemination, especially for ST131 clade C2, is inevitably necessary for reducing drug resistance and decreasing healthcare-associated infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12071209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T01:52:35Z","timestamp":1689904355000},"page":"1209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["High Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Sequence Type 131 Subclade C2 among Extended-Spectrum \u03b2-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from the University Hospital Bratislava, Slovakia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"J\u00e1n","family":"Kore\u0148","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Andrez\u00e1l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elham","family":"Ozaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Drahovsk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, 84215 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7672-1574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Wawruch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1677-0590","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e1na","family":"Lipt\u00e1kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, University Hospital Bratislava, 81108 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2894-636X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tibor","family":"Maliar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy523","article-title":"The Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Subclone Sequence Type 131-H30 Is Responsible for Most Antibiotic Prescription Errors at an Urgent Care Clinic","volume":"68","author":"Tchesnokova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"932","article-title":"Current options for the treatment of infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in different groups of patients","volume":"8","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. 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