{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T04:43:24Z","timestamp":1779252204184,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Ceftolozane\/tazobactam (C\/T) is a novel \u03b2-lactam\/\u03b2-lactamase inhibitor with excellent activity against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa. Continuous infusion (CI) dosing allows the optimization of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK\/PD) properties of \u03b2-lactam antibiotics and may support patients\u2019 treatment as outpatients. (2) Methods: Adult patients receiving their entire course of C\/T as a CI in the outpatient setting were retrospectively included in the study. The primary outcome evaluated was clinical resolution. The secondary outcomes evaluated were PK\/PD target attainment (\u0192T &gt; 4 \u00d7 MIC) and microbiologic clearance at the end of treatment. Therapeutic drug monitoring to assess C\/T concentration was performed. (3) Results: Three patients were enrolled in the study and received 9 g of C\/T in CI every 24 h. One patient received an additional course of antimicrobial therapy due to disease exacerbation six months after initial treatment, accounting for four evaluated treatments. The primary outcome was achieved in 3\/4 treatments and the secondary outcome was achieved in 4\/4 and 3\/3, respectively. In all patients, free ceftolozane concentrations were &gt;10 times higher than the EUCAST breakpoint (4 mg\/L). (4) Conclusions: Elastomeric infusion of C\/T delivered in CI can be an effective and convenient way to treat acute diseases caused by MDR-P. aeruginosa, avoid hospital admission, and contribute to infection control strategies. Despite the small number of enrolled patients, clinical and microbiological results support this strategy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12071214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,24]],"date-time":"2023-07-24T00:57:30Z","timestamp":1690160250000},"page":"1214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Real-Life Experience of Continuously Infused Ceftolozane\/Tazobactam in Patients with Bronchiectasis and Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in the Outpatient Setting"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Venuti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino at the Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Gaviraghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino at the Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5973-9948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amedeo","family":"De Nicol\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10149 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8012-0237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Stroffolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious-Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Via Don A. Sempreboni, 5, 37024 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bianca Maria","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino at the Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Di Vincenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10149 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio Antonino","family":"Ranzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino at the Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matilde","family":"Quaranta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino at the Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino at the Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Catellani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlotta","family":"Marchiaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giacoma","family":"Cinnirella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1321-4126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"D\u2019Avolio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10149 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Bonora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino at the Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2534-8815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Calcagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino at the Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, ASL Citt\u00e0 di Torino, Corso Svizzera 164, 10149 Torino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw243","article-title":"Ceftazidime\/Avibactam and Ceftolozane\/Tazobactam: Second-generation \u03b2-Lactam\/\u03b2-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations","volume":"63","author":"Bonomo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. 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Dis."}],"container-title":["Antibiotics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-6382\/12\/7\/1214\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T20:16:12Z","timestamp":1760127372000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-6382\/12\/7\/1214"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["antibiotics12071214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics12071214","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-6382"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2079-6382","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]}}}