{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:54:12Z","timestamp":1792803252628,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":127,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Warmia and Mazury in Olszytyn","award":["POWR.03.05.00-00-Z310\/17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["POWR.03.05.00-00-Z310\/17"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05s4feg49","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The escalating misuse of antibiotics, particularly broad-spectrum antibiotics, has emerged as a pivotal driver of drug resistance. Among these agents, tetracyclines are widely prescribed for bacterial infections, but their indiscriminate use can profoundly alter the gut microbiome, potentially compromising both their effectiveness and safety. This review delves into the intricate and dynamic interplay between tetracyclines and the gut microbiome, shedding light on their reciprocal influence. By exploring the effects of tetracyclines on the gut microbiome and the impact of gut microbiota on tetracycline therapy, we seek to gain deeper insights into this complex relationship, ultimately guiding strategies for preserving antibiotic efficacy and mitigating resistance development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12091438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T03:54:06Z","timestamp":1694490846000},"page":"1438","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Bidirectional Interaction between Tetracyclines and Gut Microbiome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8031-1869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerzy","family":"Jaroszewski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8487-6774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niles","family":"Mamun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7165-4218","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Czaja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E3463","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1717295115","article-title":"Global increase and geographic convergence in antibiotic consumption between 2000 and 2015","volume":"115","author":"Klein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. 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