{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:56:14Z","timestamp":1790751374251,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"PROMISE, the French professional community network on antimicrobial resistance"},{"name":"French Priority Research Programme on Antimicrobial R\u00e9sistance (PPR Antibior\u00e9sistance)"},{"name":"French general secretary for investment (SGPI)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pneumonia is a common and severe illness that requires prompt and effective management. Advanced, rapid, and accurate tools are needed to diagnose patients with severe bacterial pneumonia, and to rapidly select appropriate antimicrobial therapy, which must be initiated within the first few hours of care. Two multiplex molecular tests, Unyvero HPN and FilmArray Pneumonia+ Panel, have been developed using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) technique to rapidly identify pathogens and their main antibiotic resistance mechanisms from patient respiratory specimens. Performance evaluation of these tests showed strong correlations with reference techniques. However, good knowledge of their indications, targets, and limitations is essential. Collaboration with microbiologists is, therefore, crucial for their appropriate use. Under these conditions, and with standardized management, these rapid tests can improve the therapeutic management of severe pneumonia faster, more precisely, and with narrow-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to address the many unanswered questions about multiplex rapid molecular testing during the diagnosis and the management of severe pneumonia. This narrative review will address the current knowledge, advantages, and disadvantages of these tests, and propose solutions for their routine use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13010095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T11:28:46Z","timestamp":1705577326000},"page":"95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Impact of Multiplex PCR in the Therapeutic Management of Severe Bacterial Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Julien","family":"Dessajan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Medical and Infectious Diseases Intensive Care Unit, Bichat Claude-Bernard Hospital, Paris Cit\u00e9 University, 46 Rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6063-7383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Timsit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Medical and Infectious Diseases Intensive Care Unit, Bichat Claude-Bernard Hospital, Paris Cit\u00e9 University, 46 Rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris, France"},{"name":"Mixt Research Unit (UMR) 1137, Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelization, Epidemiology (IAME), Institut National de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale (INSERM), Paris Cit\u00e9 University, 75018 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-023-07033-8","article-title":"ERS\/ESICM\/ESCMID\/ALAT guidelines for the management of severe community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"49","author":"Torres","year":"2023","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2703-z","article-title":"Nosocomial pneumonia in 27 ICUs in Europe: Perspectives from the EU-VAP\/CAP study","volume":"36","author":"Koulenti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. 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