{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:51:39Z","timestamp":1760986299294,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hamad Medical Corporation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The escalating prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Qatar\u2019s pediatric population, especially in community-onset febrile urinary tract infections (FUTIs), necessitates a comprehensive investigation into this concerning trend. Results: Over the course of one year, a total of 459 infants were diagnosed and subsequently treated for UTIs. Cases primarily occurred in infants aged over 60 days, predominantly non-Qatari females born from term pregnancies. Notably, E. coli and K. pneumoniae were the most frequently identified organisms, accounting for 79.7% and 9.8% in the ESBL group and 57.2% and 18.7% in the non-ESBL group, respectively. Interestingly, hydronephrosis emerged as the most prevalent urological anomaly detected in both ESBL (n = 10) and other organism (n = 19) groups. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study conducted in Qatar, we meticulously evaluated the prevalence of pediatric FUTIs. Our study focused on febrile infants aged less than 1 year, excluding those with urine samples not obtained through a catheter. Conclusions: E. coli and K. pneumoniae prevailed as the predominant causative agents in febrile children in Qatar, with hydronephrosis being identified as the most common urological anomaly. Moreover, our findings suggested that gentamicin served as a viable non-carbapenem option for hospitalized ESBL cases, while oral nitrofurantoin showed considerable promise for uncomplicated ESBL UTIs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13060547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T08:45:50Z","timestamp":1718181950000},"page":"547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Urinary Tract Infections among Febrile Infants in Qatar: Extended-Spectrum-Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Versus Non-ESBL Organisms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Qusad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ihsan","family":"Elhalabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5761-6901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samer","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khaled","family":"Siddiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lujain","family":"Loay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdallah","family":"Aloteiby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghada","family":"Al Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bassem","family":"Moustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tawa","family":"Olukade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Al Amri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7145-6561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashraf","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2398-5338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Khalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Pediatric Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy Department, Hamad General Hospital, Doha 3050, Qatar"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5520(03)00005-9","article-title":"Epidemiology of urinary tract infections","volume":"17","author":"Foxman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect. 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