{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T22:53:24Z","timestamp":1783032804868,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The aim of the study was to characterize the procedure of peripheral intravenous therapy (IT), including the characteristics of vascular access and related complications and qualitative and quantitative analyses of drug consumption. Materials and Methods: A two-year, retrospective, single-center observational study was conducted. The criterion for including a patient in the study was the use of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) upon admission or during the stay at the internal medicine department (IMD). Results: The main reasons for hospitalization were exacerbations of chronic diseases for 78% of the patients and acute infections for 22%. IT was used in 83.6% of all the patients. IT was used primarily for antibiotics (5009.9 defined daily doses (DDD)). Further, 22.6% of the PIVCs stopped functioning within 24 h, more frequently in infectious patients. The main reasons for PIVC removal were leakage (n = 880, 26.6%) and occlusion (n = 578, 17.5%). The PIVC locations were mostly suboptimal (n = 2010, 59.5%), and such locations were related to leakage and occlusion (p = 0.017). Conclusions: In the IMD, most patients require the use of a PIVC, and antibiotics dominate the group of drugs administered intravenously. Up to 1\/5 of peripheral intravenous catheters are lost within the first 24 h after their insertion, with most of them placed suboptimally. A properly functioning PIVC appears to be crucial for antimicrobial treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13070664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T10:39:26Z","timestamp":1721299166000},"page":"664","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Peripheral Intravenous Therapy in Internal Medicine Department\u2014Antibiotics and Other Drugs\u2019 Consumption and Characteristics of Vascular Access Devices in 2-Year Observation Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Piotr","family":"Piekie\u0142ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases and Circulatory Failure, Center of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery in Bystra, Juliana Fa\u0142ata 2 Street, 43-360 Bystra, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Failure, Center of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery in Bystra, Juliana Fa\u0142ata 2 Street, 43-360 Bystra, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Mucha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology and Oncology with Chemotherapy, Center of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery in Bystra, Juliana Fa\u0142ata 2 Street, 43-360 Bystra, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Stawowczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 Street, 31-121 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0756-1639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jadwiga","family":"W\u00f3jkowska-Mach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta 18 Street, 31-121 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.2003.010421","article-title":"Intravenous therapy","volume":"80","author":"Waitt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Postgrad. 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