{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:17:58Z","timestamp":1760145478538,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"AO Trauma"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are crucial components of multimodal analgesia for musculoskeletal injuries, targeting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (COX-1 and\/or COX-2 isoenzymes). Concerns exist regarding their potential interference with bone healing and orthopaedic device-related infections (ODRI), where data are limited. This study aimed to investigate whether the COX-selectivity of NSAIDs interfered with antibiotic efficacy and bone changes in the setting of an ODRI. In vitro testing demonstrated that combining celecoxib (a COX-2 inhibitor) with cefazolin significantly enhanced antibacterial efficacy compared to cefazolin alone (p &lt; 0.0001). In vivo experiments were performed using Staphylococcus epidermidis in the rat proximal tibia of an ODRI model. Long and short durations of celecoxib treatment in combination with antibiotics were compared to a control group receiving an antibiotic only. The long celecoxib treatment group showed impaired infection clearance, while the short celecoxib treatment showed increased bone formation (day 6, p &lt; 0.0001), lower bone resorption (day 6, p &lt; 0.0001), and lower osteolysis (day 6, BV\/TV: p &lt; 0.0001; BIC: p = 0.0005) compared to the control group, without impairing antibiotic efficacy (p &gt; 0.9999). Given the use of NSAIDs as part of multimodal analgesia, and considering these findings, short-term use of COX-2 selective NSAIDs like celecoxib not only aids pain management but also promotes favorable bone changes during ODRI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics13080715","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T11:02:27Z","timestamp":1722337347000},"page":"715","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Short-Term Celecoxib Promotes Bone Formation without Compromising Cefazolin Efficacy in an Early Orthopaedic Device-Related Infection: Evidence from a Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8867-0700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vuyisa Siphelele","family":"Mdingi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8844-9096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"Gens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7045-8998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Mys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2738-6436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8155-4202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Zeiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1120-8419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonard Charles","family":"Marais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7778-2480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert Geoffrey","family":"Richards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2307-0397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fintan Thomas","family":"Moriarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9813-9515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Chitt\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AO Research Institute Davos, 7270 Davos, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"105118","article-title":"New insights into the use of currently available non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs","volume":"8","author":"Brune","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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