{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T21:42:43Z","timestamp":1781300563278,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017517"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017517"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The increasing prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) underscores the urgent need for novel antimicrobial agents. Methods: This study integrates cultivation optimization, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) fingerprinting, and principal component analysis (PCA) to explore microbial secondary metabolites as potential anti-TB agents. Results: Using the combined approach, 11 bioactive compounds were isolated and identified, all exhibiting anti-Mycobacterium bovis BCG activity. Notable findings include borrelidin, a potent threonyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor with broad biological activities, and L-O-Lac-L-Val-D-O-Hiv-D-Val, a peptide isolated for the first time from a plant endophyte, demonstrating broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Additionally, elaiophylin and polycyclic tetramate macrolactams (PTMs) displayed significant bactericidal effects, with elaiophylin achieving complete BCG inhibition at 72 h and PTMs marking their first reported anti-TB activity. The study also identified bafilomycins as potent scaffolds for anti-TB drug development, showcasing rapid bactericidal activity at low MIC values. Conclusions: These findings emphasize the value of microbial metabolites as a reservoir of bioactive compounds and provide new avenues for developing next-generation anti-TB therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14010108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T10:32:15Z","timestamp":1737369135000},"page":"108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting and Principal Component Analysis Strategies Lead to Anti-Tuberculosis Natural Product Discovery from Actinomycetes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4402-6598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianying","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedicine and Glycomics, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia"},{"name":"Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4022-2623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronald J.","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedicine and Glycomics, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0930-3617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedicine and Glycomics, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2024). 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