{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T18:08:10Z","timestamp":1792001290915,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["JP21K10401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21K10401"]}]},{"name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["JP20H03933"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP20H03933"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Enterococcus is one of the major nosocomial pathogens. The present status of antimicrobial resistance determinants and virulence factors was analyzed for current Enterococcus causing infectious diseases in Bangladesh. Methods: Clinical isolates of Enterococcus recovered from various specimens in a tertiary care hospital were analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibility was measured by a broth microdilution test, and resistance genes\/virulence factors were detected by uniplex\/multiplex PCR, along with sequencing analysis as required. The sequence type (ST) of E. faecalis and E. faecium was identified based on a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme. Results: For a one-year period, a total of 143 isolates (135 E. faecalis, 7 E. faecium, and 1 E. hirae) were collected. Although all E. faecalis isolates were susceptible to penicillin, high resistance rates were noted against erythromycin (87%) and levofloxacin (62%). High-level resistance to gentamicin was detected in 30% of E. faecalis and 86% of E. faecium. Vancomycin resistance due to vanA was identified in one isolate each of E. faecalis (ST1912, CC116) and E. faecium (ST80, CC17). Three E. faecalis isolates (2.2%) with ST32 or ST1902 were resistant to linezolid, harboring optrA-fexA. Conclusions: The present study identifies the vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus harboring vanA from humans in Bangladesh and shows the potential spread of optrA in multiple lineages of E. faecalis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14030261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T03:26:21Z","timestamp":1741058781000},"page":"261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Isolation of vanA-Mediated Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis (ST1912\/CC116) and Enterococcus faecium (ST80\/CC17), optrA-Positive Linezolid-Resistant E. faecalis (ST32, ST1902) from Human Clinical Specimens in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sangjukta","family":"Roy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8402-5349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meiji Soe","family":"Aung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyamal Kumar","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Netrokona Medical College, Netrokona 2400, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Nazmul Alam","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syeda Anjuman","family":"Nasreen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Saiful","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazia","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tridip Kanti","family":"Barman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jobyda","family":"Khanam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7833-5904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fardousi Akter","family":"Sathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shashwata","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Ibrahim","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0146-6211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nobumichi","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Willett, J.L.E., and Dunny, G.M. 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