{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T09:58:40Z","timestamp":1790935120395,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Globally, community pharmacists worldwide have prescribed more over-the-counter systemic antibiotics, posing significant issues for international organizations tackling antibiotic-resistant bacteria, a major global threat, due to the accessibility in pharmacies. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the Jordanian pharmacists\u2019 antibiotic selection and over-the-counter antibiotic prescriptions. Methods: A total of 244 community pharmacists participated in an online standardized survey, which examined five essential domains including sources and trust of pharmacy antibiotic prescription information, category and frequency of permitted antimicrobials, prescription-free antimicrobials, interactions, antimicrobial prescription issues for pharmacists, and pharmacy staff\u2019s knowledge of non-prescription antimicrobial questions and answers. Results: This study found that 1\u2014pharmacists are confident in prescribing antibiotics and they use various tools to improve their skills. 2\u2014Antibiotics were the most sought antimicrobials without a prescription, followed by antifungals and antivirals. 3\u2014Throat, urinary tract, chest, and otitis media are the most common infections that require antibiotics. Pharmacists prescribe penicillin for 75% of throat infections, Fluoroquinolones for 48.2% of urinary tract infections, and cephalosporins for 35.9%. Macrolides are the most prevalent otitis media treatment (43.2%). 4\u2014Some people obtain antimicrobial prescriptions without a valid reason or diagnosis. 5\u2014Many pharmacists (171\/244, 70%) agree or strongly believe that antibiotic prescription information is difficult to obtain. 6\u2014Many pharmacists (183\/200, 91.5%) aimed to educate patients on the risks and correct use of antimicrobials without prescriptions. Conclusions: These results show that Jordanian community pharmacists follow clinical antibiotic prescribing guidelines and conduct antimicrobial stewardship, yet they demand antimicrobials without prescriptions and lack decision support tools. Antibiotic classes address most diseases, and pharmacists emphasize antimicrobial misuse.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14030300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T04:29:18Z","timestamp":1741926558000},"page":"300","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Community Pharmacists\u2019 Responses Toward Antimicrobial Prescriptions in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Survey"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8706-0560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u2019en","family":"Al-Odat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Science, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6054-8401","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shadi","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Jerash University, Jerash 26150, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef","family":"Al-Hajaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6250-464X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anwar","family":"Kandari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amane","family":"Alaroud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8018-3585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Alenezi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiologic Sciences Department, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, Kuwait 12037, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitham","family":"Qaralleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Science, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmeen","family":"Hazaimeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1080\/23744235.2023.2217898","article-title":"Debridement, antimicrobials, and implant retention in the treatment of late acute and early acute Staphylococcus aureus prosthetic joint infections","volume":"55","author":"Huotari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Infect. 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