{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T17:05:06Z","timestamp":1789578306695,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Nocardia species are an emergent pathogen in people with CF (pwCF) or bronchiectasis. Their clinical role and management remain unclear, and their isolation is a challenge. In this paper, we describe four cases of Nocardia detection, in two pwCF and two patients with non-CF bronchiectasis or primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study, involving pwCF and non-CF people with bronchiectasis who presented with a Nocardia detection and were followed at three CF Italian centers (Florence, Verona, and Cerignola). Results:\u00a0Nocardia detection was associated with clinical and radiological respiratory exacerbation and decline in lung function. In one CF patient, Nocardia was not detected in sputum cultures after starting Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor therapy. Conclusions: Managing Nocardia detection in patients with underlying lung diseases such as CF, PCD, or bronchiectasis presents significant challenges for clinicians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14030317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T11:02:31Z","timestamp":1742295751000},"page":"317","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Nocardia Isolation in People with Cystic Fibrosis and Non-CF Bronchiectasis: A Multicenter Italian Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9986-9229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"Venditto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37126 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8317-9928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Dolce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Campana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Vitullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Support Center, Ospedale G. Tatarella di Cerignola, 71042 Cerignola, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4266-0918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Di Maurizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3642-8928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Fevola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5294-9301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Lucca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37126 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Taccetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1106-4424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vito","family":"Terlizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Centre, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201611-907OC","article-title":"Increasing Nocardia Incidence Associated with Bronchiectasis at a Tertiary Care Center","volume":"14","author":"Woodworth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. 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