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Fragrances, both natural and synthetic, were shown to be a rich source for the development of new anti-infectives and warrant deeper investigations. Exemplarily, we synthetically optimized the fragrance 4-(4,8-dimethyl-3,7-nonadienyl)-pyridine, a.k.a. Maritima, a pyridine derivative with marine odor. Methods: A new cationic N-cetyl-modified derivative of Maritima (dubbed Cetyl-Maritima), obtained by alkylation of Maritima, was tested for its activity against Madurella mycetomatis (M. mycetomatis) fungi, as well as against Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and Leishmania major (L. major) protozoal parasites. Results: Cetyl-Maritima was found to be more strongly antifungal than the parent Maritima and a known antibiotic cetylpyridinium salt. Cetyl-Maritima also showed a similar activity against T. gondii parasites and, most notably, exhibited sub-micromolar activity against L. major amastigotes. Conclusions: The considerable antileishmanial activity of Cetyl-Maritima might lead to the development of a new potent and cost-effective drug candidate for the therapy of leishmaniasis and other infectious diseases caused by kinetoplastid parasites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14030321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T06:10:53Z","timestamp":1742364653000},"page":"321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antiparasitic and Antifungal Activities of Cetyl-Maritima, a New N-Cetyl-Modified Maritima Derivative"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4690-1050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibrahim S.","family":"Al Nasr","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyi","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tariq A.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7773-995X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waleed S.","family":"Koko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imen","family":"Ben Abdelmalek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8413-4342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rainer","family":"Schobert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universit\u00e4tsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8652-8783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wendy","family":"van de Sande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7305-346X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Biersack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University Bayreuth, Universit\u00e4tsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.15148","article-title":"Twice neglected? 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