{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:06:41Z","timestamp":1790352401856,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union-Next Generation EU"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: antimicrobial resistance represents a critical issue leading to delayed wound healing; hence, it is necessary to develop novel strategies to address this phenomenon. Objectives: this study aimed to explore the antimicrobial\/anti-virulence action of Methylglyoxal-MGO alone or combined with novel technologies such as Light-Emitting Diodes-LED and Complex Magnetic Fields-CMFs against resistant clinical strains isolated from chronic wounds. Methods: characterized planktonic Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans isolates were used. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by measuring optical density, Colony Forming Units-CFU, and synergy between MGO\/LED or CMFs. Cellular membrane permeability by propidium iodide fluorescence and fluidity by Laurdan generalized polarization measurements were performed. P. aeruginosa motility was tested using the soft agar method. A docking study was performed to evaluate the possible interaction between MGO and urease in P. aeruginosa. Results: single\/combined treatments showed significant antimicrobial activity. Major CFU reduction was detected after CMFs\/MGO+CMFs application on C. albicans. Treatments exhibited significant changes in membrane permeability and fluidity. The treatments decreased P. aeruginosa motility with a major reduction after LED application. Docking analysis showed that MGO could bind with P. aeruginosa urease leading to defective folding and functional alterations. Conclusions: the results suggest that these treatments could represent promising and green therapeutic solutions against resistant isolates from chronic wounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14040396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,10]],"date-time":"2025-04-10T11:26:41Z","timestamp":1744284401000},"page":"396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Methylglyoxal Alone or Combined with Light-Emitting Diodes\/Complex Electromagnetic Fields Represent an Effective Response to Microbial Chronic Wound Infections"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1509-6087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Firas","family":"Diban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6025-1133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Di Fermo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9281-5028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Di Lodovico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3849-4304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morena","family":"Petrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4971-6483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serena","family":"Pilato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5391-7520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, 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(CiQUS), Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e1nica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s\/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6439-553X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Concepci\u00f3n","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Singular de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica Biol\u00f3xica e Materiais Moleculares (CiQUS), Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e1nica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s\/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4068-9124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigina","family":"Cellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, University \u201cG. d\u2019Annunzio\u201d Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, 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