{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T16:16:10Z","timestamp":1789229770244,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["075-15-2021-1075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2021-1075"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The genetic modification of mesenchymal stromal\/stem cells (MSCs) to express antimicrobial peptides may provide a promising strategy for developing advanced cell-based therapies for bacterial infections, including those caused or complicated by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. We have previously demonstrated that genetically modified Wharton\u2019s jelly-derived MSCs expressing an antimicrobial peptide SE-33 (WJ-MSC-SE33) effectively reduce bacterial load, inflammation, and mortality in a mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus-induced pneumonia compared with native WJ-MSCs. The present study aimed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of the SE-33 peptide expressed by WJ-MSC-SE33 following administration to animals. Methods: WJ-MSC-SE33 were administered to C57BL\/6 mice at therapeutic and excess doses. The biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of the SE-33 peptide were analyzed in serum, lungs, liver, and spleen using chromatographic methods after single and repeated administrations. Results: The SE-33 peptide exhibited dose-dependent pharmacokinetics. The highest levels of SE-33 peptide were detected in the liver and lungs, with persistence in tissues for up to 48 h at medium and high doses of administered WJ-MSC-SE33. A repeated administration of WJ-MSC-SE33 increased SE-33 levels in target organs. Conclusions: The SE-33 peptide expressed by genetically modified WJ-MSCs demonstrated predictable pharmacokinetics and effective biodistribution. These findings, together with the previously established safety profile of WJ-MSC-SE33, support its potential as a promising cell-based therapy for bacterial infections, particularly those associated with antibiotic resistance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14050429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:04:50Z","timestamp":1745467490000},"page":"429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Genetically Modified Mesenchymal Stromal\/Stem Cells as a Delivery Platform for SE-33, a Cathelicidin LL-37 Analogue: Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution in C57BL\/6 Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Vagif Ali oglu","family":"Gasanov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0748-9238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry Alexandrovich","family":"Kashirskikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2096-3237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria Alexandrovna","family":"Khotina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arthur Anatolievich","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofya Yurievna","family":"Nikitochkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria Mikhailovna","family":"Kuzmina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Normal Physiology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod 603005, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8811-0049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina Vasilievna","family":"Mukhina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Normal Physiology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod 603005, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5405-0212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ekaterina Andreevna","family":"Vorotelyak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrey Valentinovich","family":"Vasiliev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2426","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00876-6","article-title":"The Scope of the Antimicrobial Resistance Challenge","volume":"403","author":"Okeke","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salam, M.A., Al-Amin, M.Y., Salam, M.T., Pawar, J.S., Akhter, N., Rabaan, A.A., and Alqumber, M.A.A. 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