{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T13:19:32Z","timestamp":1793107172273,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Opella, a Sanofi company"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Dysbiosis and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) are significant concerns in clinical settings. Probiotics, such as Bacillus clausii (O\/C, N\/R, SIN, T), a spore-forming bacterium resistant to gastrointestinal conditions and most commonly used antibiotics, emerge as a promising approach. We aim to assess the role of B. clausii in preventing AAD in children and adults during antibiotic therapy. Materials and methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and SciELO, up to May 2024. Studies were included if they involved B. clausii (O\/C, N\/R, SIN, T) administration during antibiotic treatment and reported AAD-related outcomes. Results: A total of four studies were included in the review. The studies comprised two randomized controlled trials (RCTs), one meta-analysis of RCTs, and one expert consensus. The primary outcome was the effectiveness of B. clausii (O\/C, N\/R, SIN, T) in reducing the incidence of diarrhea. Results showed a significant reduction in the risk of AAD and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients receiving it at a dosage of 4 \u00d7 109 CFU\/day for children and 6 \u00d7 109 CFU\/day for adolescents and adults for up to 14 days. Conclusions: B. clausii (O\/C, N\/R, SIN, T) appears to be an effective probiotic for preventing AAD in adults and children. It significantly improves gastrointestinal symptoms associated with antibiotic treatment, including diarrhea, nausea, and epigastric pain. Future studies are recommended to further elucidate its effectiveness in diverse populations, especially in low- and middle-income countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14050439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T07:49:36Z","timestamp":1745912976000},"page":"439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effectiveness of Bacillus clausii (O\/C, N\/R, SIN, T) in the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea and Gastrointestinal Symptoms: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9951-4260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Teresa","family":"Abreu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Angeles del Pedregal, Mexico City 10700, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1278-073X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo","family":"V\u00e1zquez Fr\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Infantil de M\u00e9xico Federico G\u00f3mez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2963-7123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Boggio Marzet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Trabajo en Gastroenterolog\u00eda y Nutrici\u00f3n Pedi\u00e1trica, Hospital Gral. de Agudos \u201cDr. I. Pirovano\u201d, Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0679-3470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Pablo","family":"Stefanolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogastroenterology Laboratory, Favaloro Foundation\u2013University Hospital, Buenos Aires C1095, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1616-3942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Concha Mej\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica del Country, Cl\u00ednica la Colina, Hospital Universitario Nacional de Colombia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2788-8121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Bustos Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro M\u00e9dico Dr. Bustos Fern\u00e1ndez, Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5817-3292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar","family":"Laudanno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones M\u00e9dicas Alfredo Lanari, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1427, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4073-6120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimas","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n del Caribe y Centroam\u00e9rica para la Microbiota, Probi\u00f3ticos y Prebi\u00f3ticos GICCAMPP, Santa Marta 470001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7413-516X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Claudia","family":"Cruz Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Opella, a Sanofi Company, Bogot\u00e1 110121, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"C\u00e1rdenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Odds Epidemiology, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2617-1233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio","family":"Zuluaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Odds Epidemiology, Bogot\u00e1 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-018-2943-4","article-title":"An insight into gut microbiota and its functionalities","volume":"76","author":"Adak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell. 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