{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T17:23:53Z","timestamp":1793294633678,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Research Council of Thailand","award":["N41A640071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N41A640071"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/018wfhg78","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the National Research Council of Thailand","award":["WU68246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WU68246"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/018wfhg78","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Postdoctoral Fellowship from Prince of Songkla University","award":["N41A640071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N41A640071"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0575ycz84","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Postdoctoral Fellowship from Prince of Songkla University","award":["WU68246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WU68246"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0575ycz84","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the New Researcher Development scheme from Walailak University","award":["N41A640071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N41A640071"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04b69g067","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the New Researcher Development scheme from Walailak University","award":["WU68246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WU68246"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04b69g067","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Colistin resistance among Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens is an increasing concern. The bacteriophage-encoded lytic enzyme endolysin LysAB1245, which targets bacterial peptidoglycan, was evaluated as a potential antibacterial agent in combination with colistin as a therapeutic approach. Methods: Clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, along with two reference strains, were used to assess the antibacterial activity of LysAB1245 and colistin, individually and in combination. Antibacterial susceptibility was assessed by broth microdilution. Synergistic interactions were determined using checkerboard assays and confirmed by time-kill kinetics. Resistance development was assessed after several rounds of exposure to each agent, either alone or in combination. Results: In this study, the synergistic activity of the LysAB1245\/colistin combination therapy was found in some clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, resulting in a reduction in the MICs of both LysAB1245 and colistin. The bactericidal effects, with a significant, more than 3-log reduction in CFU\/mL (p &lt; 0.01), were observed in representative synergistic isolates within 4 h of treatment with the combination of LysAB1245 at 1\/4 \u00d7 MIC and colistin at 1\/4 \u00d7 MIC. Scanning electron microscope micrographs confirmed bacterial cell damage upon treatment with the combination. Additionally, treatment with LysAB1245 in combination with colistin had no effect on the development of bacterial resistance after multiple passages. Conclusions: Combining LysAB1245 with a last-resort antibiotic like polymyxins (colistin) could be used as a promising new antibacterial strategy for preventing and controlling antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14060538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T09:58:09Z","timestamp":1747994289000},"page":"538","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Efficacy of Endolysin LysAB1245 Combined with Colistin as Adjunctive Therapy Against Colistin-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6978-3945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosesathorn","family":"Soontarach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Antimicrobial Biomaterial Innovation-Southeast Asia, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1682-2880","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Supayang Piyawan","family":"Voravuthikunchai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Antimicrobial Biomaterial Innovation-Southeast Asia, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Potjanee","family":"Srimanote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12121, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3116-2518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarunyou","family":"Chusri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-019-0662-8","article-title":"European intensive care physicians\u2019 experience of infections due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria","volume":"9","author":"Lepape","year":"2020","journal-title":"Antimicrob. 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