{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T19:32:00Z","timestamp":1774726320797,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n General de Investigaciones of Universidad Santiago de Cali","award":["01-2025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01-2025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objetives: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a multifaceted issue that the World Health Organization (WHO) identifies as one of the primary threats to global health for humans, animals, and the environment. In Colombia, AMR has been extensively studied at the hospital level; however, there are limited environmental studies, particularly concerning leachates from landfills. The objective of this study was to identify and determine the genetic relationships, as well as the sensitivity profiles to antibiotics and heavy metals, of ten Pseudomonas mendocina isolates from a leachate pond. Methods: Identification was conducted using MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption\/Ionization Time-of-Flight), while genotyping was performed via rep-PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility to \u03b2-lactams, aminoglycosides, and quinolones was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer method. Additionally, sensitivity profile to heavy metals was evaluated using the broth microdilution technique. Results: Rep-PCR analysis indicated that 60% (n = 6\/10) of the isolates exhibited a clonal relationship. Sensitivity testing revealed that 30% (n = 3\/10) of the isolates displayed reduced sensitivity to aminoglycosides and \u03b2-lactams. Finally, the broth microdilution showed that 90% (n = 9\/10) of the isolates were tolerant to copper sulfate. Conclusions: These results provide evidence that landfill leachates may serve as a potential reservoir for bacteria harboring antimicrobial resistance determinants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14080781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T10:13:51Z","timestamp":1754475231000},"page":"781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Profiles of Sensitivity to Antibiotics and Heavy Metals in Strains of Pseudomonas mendocina Isolates from Leachate Pond"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8653-4868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aura","family":"Falco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagu\u00e9 730006, Colombia"},{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Microbiolog\u00eda, Industria y Ambiente (GIMIA), Facultad de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Mondrag\u00f3n-Quiguanas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Microbiolog\u00eda, Industria y Ambiente (GIMIA), Facultad de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Salud P\u00fablica Departamental, Secretaria Departamental de Salud del Valle del Cauca, Gobernaci\u00f3n del Valle del Cauca, Cali 760045, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Burbano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Microbiolog\u00eda, Industria y Ambiente (GIMIA), Facultad de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miguel \u00c1ngel","family":"Villaquir\u00e1n-Muriel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Microbiolog\u00eda, Industria y Ambiente (GIMIA), Facultad de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2024-6975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana","family":"Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Microbiolog\u00eda, Industria y Ambiente (GIMIA), Facultad de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1806-657X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Aranaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Qu\u00edmica y Biotecnolog\u00eda (QUIBIO), Facultad de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali 760035, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ruiz-Rold\u00e1n, L., de Toro, M., and S\u00e1enz, Y. 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