{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:55:33Z","timestamp":1785423333750,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Epidemiological surveillance of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a key responsibility of hospital infection control committees (HICC). Active surveillance swabs facilitate the early detection of colonized patients; helping to prevent MDR pathogen transmission in intensive care units. This study aimed to describe antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacterial isolates from clinical samples in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a maternal and child hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil including patients aged 0\u201318 years admitted to neonatal (NICU), surgical (SICU), and pediatric (PICU) intensive care units between January and December 2023. A total of 286 positive cultures were analyzed from different sample types including blood, urine, tracheal aspirates, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and catheter tips as well as screening swabs (nasal and rectal) for colonization surveillance. Bacterial isolates were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility following BrCAST (Brazilian Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing) guidelines. Results: Of the 286 cultures, 146 (51%) originated from the NICU, 70 (24%) from the SICU, and 70 (24%) from the PICU. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) predominated in blood cultures, especially among neonates, while MRSA was found in all nasal swabs. Among the Gram-negative bacteria; Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most frequent isolates, with 30\u201350% resistant to third-generation cephalosporins or carbapenems. ESBL-producing organisms were found in 40% of rectal swabs. Conclusions: The predominance of CoNS in neonatal ICUs and high resistance rates among Gram-negative bacteria highlight the urgent need for continuous microbiological surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship in vulnerable pediatric populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics14111090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T01:23:59Z","timestamp":1761873839000},"page":"1090","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Profile of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Intensive Care Units of a Maternal and Child Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8034-8688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Meneses","family":"de Oliveira Villar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Comiss\u00e3o de Controle de Infec\u00e7\u00e3o Hospitalar (CCIH), Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Enfermagem M\u00e9dico Cir\u00fargica, Escola de Enfermagem Alfredo Pinto, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (DEMC\/EEAP\/UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro 22290-180, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2554-990X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie Del-Vecchio Lages","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comiss\u00e3o de Controle de Infec\u00e7\u00e3o Hospitalar (CCIH), Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0180-082X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle Bonotto Cabral","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comiss\u00e3o de Controle de Infec\u00e7\u00e3o Hospitalar (CCIH), Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7600-9656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriana Teixeira","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comiss\u00e3o de Controle de Infec\u00e7\u00e3o Hospitalar (CCIH), Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4580-0891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia Linhares","family":"Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comiss\u00e3o de Controle de Infec\u00e7\u00e3o Hospitalar (CCIH), Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2013 Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8882-149X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fab\u00edola Cristina","family":"de Oliveira Kegele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patologia Cl\u00ednica, Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7073-9220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Borges Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patologia Cl\u00ednica, Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8177-1155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Francisca","family":"da Silva Neta Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patologia Cl\u00ednica, Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Elisabeth Lopes","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica, Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia Chantal Magalh\u00e3es","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Enfermagem M\u00e9dico Cir\u00fargica, Escola de Enfermagem Alfredo Pinto, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (DEMC\/EEAP\/UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro 22290-180, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1721-0608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo Henrique Ferreira","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica, Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3543-1532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Let\u00edcia da Cunha","family":"Guida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade de Pesquisa Cl\u00ednica, Instituto Nacional da Sa\u00fade da Mulher, da Crian\u00e7a e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira\u2014Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (IFF-FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 22250-020, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eAO6704","DOI":"10.31744\/einstein_journal\/2022AO6704","article-title":"Factors associated with multidrug-resistant bacteria in healthcare-associated infections: A 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