{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:35:44Z","timestamp":1793504144536,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003947","name":"National University of La Plata (UNLP) Argentina","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PPID\/M011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPID\/M011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003947","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["PPID\/M011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPID\/M011"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01tjs6929","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the primary etiological agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs) worldwide. The emergence of strains combining high virulence with multidrug resistance (MDR) poses a significant challenge to public health. This study aimed to characterize the phylogenetic distribution, virulence profiles, and antimicrobial susceptibility of UPEC isolates recovered from patients in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (AMBA), Argentina. Methodology: Phylogenetic groups, the ST131 lineage, and virulence-associated genes were identified using PCR-based assays. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using automated methods and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production was confirmed using the double-disk synergy test. Colistin (COL) resistance was evaluated by Colistin Drop Test and PCR screening for the mcr-1 (mobile colistin resistance gene 1). Biofilm formation was detected by the Tissue Culture Plate (TCP) method, whereas phenotypic virulence factors (VF) were assessed with Congo Red agar, hemagglutination, and hemolysis assays. Results: Phylogenetic groups B2 (43.8%) and D (26.7%), typically associated with extraintestinal infections, were the most frequent. The high-risk clone B2-ST131 was detected in 6.7% of isolates. Biofilm production was observed in 92.4% of the isolates, with curli fimbriae (87.6%) being the most frequently expressed VF. The highest resistance rates were observed for ampicillin (62.1%), ampicillin-sulbactam (39.8%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (25.2%). Interestingly, 3.8% of isolates exhibited colistin resistance, despite the absence of the mcr-1 gene. Conclusions: This study highlights the detection of MDR-UPEC isolates that showed strong resistance to fluoroquinolones and were ESBL producers with high virulence in Argentina, justifying future research encompassing genomic and epidemiological monitoring of local UPEC, which is essential for managing infections and developing new therapeutic and preventive measures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics15040350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T12:11:44Z","timestamp":1774872704000},"page":"350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Phylogenetic Groups, Virulence Factors, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Associated with Urinary Tract Infections from a Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires, Argentina"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2749-0420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora B.","family":"Molina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Estudios Microbiol\u00f3gicos y Parasitol\u00f3gicos (CUDEMYP, UNLP-CIC), Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s\/n, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ram\u00f3n A.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Pasayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Innovaci\u00f3n para la Producci\u00f3n Agropecuaria y el Desarrollo Sostenible (IPADS, INTA- CONICET), Estaci\u00f3n Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Ruta 226 km 73.5, Balcarce 7620, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisa A.","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Universitario de Estudios Microbiol\u00f3gicos y Parasitol\u00f3gicos (CUDEMYP, UNLP-CIC), Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 60 y 120 s\/n, La Plata 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica D.","family":"Sparo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Avda. Pringles 4375, Olavarr\u00eda 7400, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang, X., Chen, H., Zheng, Y., Qu, S., Wang, H., and Yi, F. (2022). Disease burden and long-term trends of urinary tract infections: A worldwide report. Front. Public Health, 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.888205"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1086\/315418","article-title":"Proposal for a new inclusive designation for extraintestinal pathogenic isolates of Escherichia coli ExPEC","volume":"181","author":"Russo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Infect. 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