{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T19:42:35Z","timestamp":1790883755949,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013367","name":"Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5-13-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5-13-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["5-13-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5-13-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01d981710","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Universidad Libre","award":["12010140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12010140"]}]},{"award":["12010140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12010140"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04mtaqb21","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca, Tulua"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ffq6216","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background:\u00a0Helicobacter pylori causes one of the most prevalent chronic bacterial infections worldwide. Data about H. pylori resistance rates to levofloxacin and rifampin (antimicrobials for second-, third- or fourth-line therapy) in Colombia and South America are scarce. The present study aimed to assess levofloxacin and rifampin resistance rates among 61 H. pylori isolates from the western-central region of Colombia and to identify gyrA point mutations associated with levofloxacin resistance. Methods: For this purpose, antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the E-test method and gyrA mutations in levofloxacin-resistant isolates were identified by PCR amplification followed by DNA sequencing. Results: Resistance rates to levofloxacin and rifampin were 24.6% and 13.1%, respectively. Among the 15 levofloxacin-resistant isolates, 6 (40%) isolates had \u22652 gyrA mutations and 5 of them exhibited high (\u226532 mg\/L) levofloxacin MICs. In addition, two new mutations (Y90C and V89D) were also detected. Conclusions: Clinically relevant resistance to levofloxacin and rifampin was detected among H. pylori isolates from central-western Colombia. Multiple gyrA mutations were identified in a significant proportion of levofloxacin-resistant isolates and were mainly associated with high MIC values, highlighting the need for regional surveillance to guide eradication therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics15050452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T13:32:21Z","timestamp":1777555941000},"page":"452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Levofloxacin and Rifampin Resistance in Helicobacter pylori Isolates from Central-Western Colombia: Role of gyrA Mutations in Fluoroquinolone Resistance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7460-4163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adalucy","family":"\u00c1lvarez-Aldana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Microbiolog\u00eda y Biotecnolog\u00eda (MICROBIOTEC), Programa de Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Libre, Pereira 660001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6287-6815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Beltr\u00e1n-Angarita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n GRIEPI, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca, Tulu\u00e1 763021, Colombia"},{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n Infecci\u00f3n e Inmunidad, Programa de Medicina, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira, Pereira 660001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0527-1075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yina Marcela","family":"Guaca-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Investigaci\u00f3n Enfermedades Infecciosas (GRIENI), Programa de Medicina, Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica de Pereira, Pereira 660001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel Alejandro","family":"Velandia-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Microbiolog\u00eda y Biotecnolog\u00eda (MICROBIOTEC), Programa de Microbiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Libre, Pereira 660001, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9622-0873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyudmila","family":"Boyanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Zdrave St., 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.04.022","article-title":"Global Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"153","author":"Hooi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-023-00431-8","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"9","author":"Malfertheiner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. 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