{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:15:15Z","timestamp":1785420915426,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013209","name":"Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["16591"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16591"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013209","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["16591"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16591"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05v75r592","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Antibiotics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Listeria monocytogenes is a critical foodborne pathogen, with poultry products serving as a potential reservoir. Its ability to form biofilms may aid in its persistence on processing equipment and food-contact surfaces, while antibiotic resistance complicates efforts to control and treat infections. This study aimed to characterize, in parallel, the biofilm-forming capacity and antibiotic susceptibility of a large collection of poultry-derived L. monocytogenes isolates (n = 93) to better understand their potential for persistence and to clarify how the biofilm phenotype may relate to the bacterial antibiotic response and to inform risk assessment and targeted control strategies along poultry processing and supply chains. Methods: Biofilms were evaluated on polystyrene microtiter plates at 12 and 30 \u00b0C in a nutrient-rich laboratory medium. Susceptibility to eight clinically and food-relevant antibiotics was tested using disk diffusion and interpreted according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints when available. Results: At 30 \u00b0C for 48 h, 69.9% of isolates were classified as weak biofilm formers and 30.1% as non-biofilm formers, whereas at 12 \u00b0C for 120 h, 55.9% were weak, 16.1% moderate, and 28.0% non-biofilm formers, with no strong biofilm producers identified under either condition. Overall, the isolates remained largely susceptible to ampicillin, penicillin G, vancomycin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol, with 87.3% of inhibition zones across all drugs falling within the 20\u201329 mm and 30\u201339 mm categories, while small subpopulations showed reduced susceptibility or resistance to trimethoprim\u2013sulphamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and, particularly, erythromycin and streptomycin. No consistent correlation was found between biofilm-forming ability and antibiotic susceptibility, indicating that these phenotypic traits are largely independent in this collection. Conclusions: These findings reveal that poultry-derived L. monocytogenes isolates can form weak to moderate biofilms under the tested monoculture conditions while generally maintaining susceptibility to first-line antibiotics. However, the development of macrolide- and aminoglycoside-resistant subpopulations, along with the potential for increased colonization within complex multispecies biofilms in real processing environments, emphasizes the importance of ongoing integrated surveillance across animal food systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics15060577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T17:18:16Z","timestamp":1780679896000},"page":"577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Phenotypic Profiling of Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Susceptibility in Poultry-Derived Listeria monocytogenes Isolates"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3356-1329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelia A.","family":"Karamani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Marketing and Technology of Aquatic Products and Foods, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7363-5285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eirini","family":"Kerousi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2787-7376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margarita","family":"Adosidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Vafeiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6420-6898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis S.","family":"Boziaris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Marketing and Technology of Aquatic Products and Foods, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6019-5204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efstathios","family":"Giaouris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3905-5856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Foteini F.","family":"Parlapani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Marketing and Technology of Aquatic Products and Foods, Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 38446 Volos, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-025-00654-x","article-title":"Listeriosis","volume":"11","author":"Disson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. 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